git/Documentation/git-config.txt

606 lines
20 KiB
Text
Raw Normal View History

git-config(1)
=============
NAME
----
git-config - Get and set repository or global options
SYNOPSIS
--------
[verse]
'git config' [<file-option>] [--type=<type>] [--comment=<message>] [--fixed-value] [--show-origin] [--show-scope] [-z|--null] <name> [<value> [<value-pattern>]]
'git config' [<file-option>] [--type=<type>] [--comment=<message>] --add <name> <value>
'git config' [<file-option>] [--type=<type>] [--comment=<message>] [--fixed-value] --replace-all <name> <value> [<value-pattern>]
'git config' [<file-option>] [--type=<type>] [--show-origin] [--show-scope] [-z|--null] [--fixed-value] --get <name> [<value-pattern>]
'git config' [<file-option>] [--type=<type>] [--show-origin] [--show-scope] [-z|--null] [--fixed-value] --get-all <name> [<value-pattern>]
'git config' [<file-option>] [--type=<type>] [--show-origin] [--show-scope] [-z|--null] [--fixed-value] [--name-only] --get-regexp <name-regex> [<value-pattern>]
'git config' [<file-option>] [--type=<type>] [-z|--null] --get-urlmatch <name> <URL>
'git config' [<file-option>] [--fixed-value] --unset <name> [<value-pattern>]
'git config' [<file-option>] [--fixed-value] --unset-all <name> [<value-pattern>]
'git config' [<file-option>] --rename-section <old-name> <new-name>
'git config' [<file-option>] --remove-section <name>
'git config' [<file-option>] [--show-origin] [--show-scope] [-z|--null] [--name-only] -l | --list
'git config' [<file-option>] --get-color <name> [<default>]
'git config' [<file-option>] --get-colorbool <name> [<stdout-is-tty>]
'git config' [<file-option>] -e | --edit
DESCRIPTION
-----------
You can query/set/replace/unset options with this command. The name is
actually the section and the key separated by a dot, and the value will be
escaped.
Multiple lines can be added to an option by using the `--add` option.
If you want to update or unset an option which can occur on multiple
lines, a `value-pattern` (which is an extended regular expression,
unless the `--fixed-value` option is given) needs to be given. Only the
existing values that match the pattern are updated or unset. If
you want to handle the lines that do *not* match the pattern, just
prepend a single exclamation mark in front (see also <<EXAMPLES>>),
but note that this only works when the `--fixed-value` option is not
in use.
The `--type=<type>` option instructs 'git config' to ensure that incoming and
outgoing values are canonicalize-able under the given <type>. If no
`--type=<type>` is given, no canonicalization will be performed. Callers may
unset an existing `--type` specifier with `--no-type`.
When reading, the values are read from the system, global and
repository local configuration files by default, and options
worktree: add per-worktree config files A new repo extension is added, worktreeConfig. When it is present: - Repository config reading by default includes $GIT_DIR/config _and_ $GIT_DIR/config.worktree. "config" file remains shared in multiple worktree setup. - The special treatment for core.bare and core.worktree, to stay effective only in main worktree, is gone. These config settings are supposed to be in config.worktree. This extension is most useful in multiple worktree setup because you now have an option to store per-worktree config (which is either .git/config.worktree for main worktree, or .git/worktrees/xx/config.worktree for linked ones). This extension can be used in single worktree mode, even though it's pretty much useless (but this can happen after you remove all linked worktrees and move back to single worktree). "git config" reads from both "config" and "config.worktree" by default (i.e. without either --user, --file...) when this extension is present. Default writes still go to "config", not "config.worktree". A new option --worktree is added for that (*). Since a new repo extension is introduced, existing git binaries should refuse to access to the repo (both from main and linked worktrees). So they will not misread the config file (i.e. skip the config.worktree part). They may still accidentally write to the config file anyway if they use with "git config --file <path>". This design places a bet on the assumption that the majority of config variables are shared so it is the default mode. A safer move would be default writes go to per-worktree file, so that accidental changes are isolated. (*) "git config --worktree" points back to "config" file when this extension is not present and there is only one worktree so that it works in any both single and multiple worktree setups. Signed-off-by: Nguyễn Thái Ngọc Duy <pclouds@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2018-10-21 14:02:28 +00:00
`--system`, `--global`, `--local`, `--worktree` and
`--file <filename>` can be used to tell the command to read from only
that location (see <<FILES>>).
When writing, the new value is written to the repository local
configuration file by default, and options `--system`, `--global`,
worktree: add per-worktree config files A new repo extension is added, worktreeConfig. When it is present: - Repository config reading by default includes $GIT_DIR/config _and_ $GIT_DIR/config.worktree. "config" file remains shared in multiple worktree setup. - The special treatment for core.bare and core.worktree, to stay effective only in main worktree, is gone. These config settings are supposed to be in config.worktree. This extension is most useful in multiple worktree setup because you now have an option to store per-worktree config (which is either .git/config.worktree for main worktree, or .git/worktrees/xx/config.worktree for linked ones). This extension can be used in single worktree mode, even though it's pretty much useless (but this can happen after you remove all linked worktrees and move back to single worktree). "git config" reads from both "config" and "config.worktree" by default (i.e. without either --user, --file...) when this extension is present. Default writes still go to "config", not "config.worktree". A new option --worktree is added for that (*). Since a new repo extension is introduced, existing git binaries should refuse to access to the repo (both from main and linked worktrees). So they will not misread the config file (i.e. skip the config.worktree part). They may still accidentally write to the config file anyway if they use with "git config --file <path>". This design places a bet on the assumption that the majority of config variables are shared so it is the default mode. A safer move would be default writes go to per-worktree file, so that accidental changes are isolated. (*) "git config --worktree" points back to "config" file when this extension is not present and there is only one worktree so that it works in any both single and multiple worktree setups. Signed-off-by: Nguyễn Thái Ngọc Duy <pclouds@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2018-10-21 14:02:28 +00:00
`--worktree`, `--file <filename>` can be used to tell the command to
write to that location (you can say `--local` but that is the
default).
This command will fail with non-zero status upon error. Some exit
codes are:
- The section or key is invalid (ret=1),
- no section or name was provided (ret=2),
- the config file is invalid (ret=3),
- the config file cannot be written (ret=4),
- you try to unset an option which does not exist (ret=5),
- you try to unset/set an option for which multiple lines match (ret=5), or
- you try to use an invalid regexp (ret=6).
On success, the command returns the exit code 0.
A list of all available configuration variables can be obtained using the
`git help --config` command.
[[OPTIONS]]
OPTIONS
-------
--replace-all::
Default behavior is to replace at most one line. This replaces
all lines matching the key (and optionally the `value-pattern`).
--add::
Adds a new line to the option without altering any existing
values. This is the same as providing '^$' as the `value-pattern`
in `--replace-all`.
--comment <message>::
Append a comment at the end of new or modified lines.
config: allow tweaking whitespace between value and comment Extending the previous step, this allows the whitespace placed after the value before the "# comment message" to be tweaked by tweaking the preprocessing rule to: * If the given comment string begins with one or more whitespace characters followed by '#', it is passed intact. * If the given comment string begins with '#', a Space is prepended. * Otherwise, " # " (Space, '#', Space) is prefixed. * A string with LF in it cannot be used as a comment string. Unlike the previous step, which unconditionally added a space after the value before writing the "# comment string", because the above preprocessing already gives a whitespace before the '#', the resulting string is written immediately after copying the value. And the sanity checking rule becomes * comment string after the above massaging that comes into git_config_set_multivar_in_file_gently() must - begin with zero or more whitespace characters followed by '#'. - not have a LF in it. I personally think this is over-engineered, but since I thought things through anyway, here it is in the patch form. The logic to tweak end-user supplied comment string is encapsulated in a new helper function, git_config_prepare_comment_string(), so if new front-end callers would want to use the same massaging rules, it is easily reused. Unfortunately I do not think of a way to tweak the preprocessing rules further to optionally allow having no blank after the value, i.e. to produce [section] variable = value#comment (which is a valid way to say section.variable=value, by the way) without sacrificing the ergonomics for the more usual case, so this time I really stop here. Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2024-03-15 22:26:40 +00:00
If _<message>_ begins with one or more whitespaces followed
by "#", it is used as-is. If it begins with "#", a space is
prepended before it is used. Otherwise, a string " # " (a
space followed by a hash followed by a space) is prepended
to it. And the resulting string is placed immediately after
the value defined for the variable. The _<message>_ must
not contain linefeed characters (no multi-line comments are
permitted).
--get::
Get the value for a given key (optionally filtered by a regex
matching the value). Returns error code 1 if the key was not
found and the last value if multiple key values were found.
--get-all::
Like get, but returns all values for a multi-valued key.
--get-regexp::
Like --get-all, but interprets the name as a regular expression and
writes out the key names. Regular expression matching is currently
case-sensitive and done against a canonicalized version of the key
in which section and variable names are lowercased, but subsection
names are not.
--get-urlmatch <name> <URL>::
When given a two-part <name> as <section>.<key>, the value for
<section>.<URL>.<key> whose <URL> part matches the best to the
given URL is returned (if no such key exists, the value for
<section>.<key> is used as a fallback). When given just the
<section> as name, do so for all the keys in the section and
list them. Returns error code 1 if no value is found.
--global::
For writing options: write to global `~/.gitconfig` file
rather than the repository `.git/config`, write to
`$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/git/config` file if this file exists and the
`~/.gitconfig` file doesn't.
+
For reading options: read only from global `~/.gitconfig` and from
`$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/git/config` rather than from all available files.
+
See also <<FILES>>.
--system::
For writing options: write to system-wide
`$(prefix)/etc/gitconfig` rather than the repository
`.git/config`.
+
For reading options: read only from system-wide `$(prefix)/etc/gitconfig`
rather than from all available files.
+
See also <<FILES>>.
--local::
For writing options: write to the repository `.git/config` file.
This is the default behavior.
+
For reading options: read only from the repository `.git/config` rather than
from all available files.
+
See also <<FILES>>.
worktree: add per-worktree config files A new repo extension is added, worktreeConfig. When it is present: - Repository config reading by default includes $GIT_DIR/config _and_ $GIT_DIR/config.worktree. "config" file remains shared in multiple worktree setup. - The special treatment for core.bare and core.worktree, to stay effective only in main worktree, is gone. These config settings are supposed to be in config.worktree. This extension is most useful in multiple worktree setup because you now have an option to store per-worktree config (which is either .git/config.worktree for main worktree, or .git/worktrees/xx/config.worktree for linked ones). This extension can be used in single worktree mode, even though it's pretty much useless (but this can happen after you remove all linked worktrees and move back to single worktree). "git config" reads from both "config" and "config.worktree" by default (i.e. without either --user, --file...) when this extension is present. Default writes still go to "config", not "config.worktree". A new option --worktree is added for that (*). Since a new repo extension is introduced, existing git binaries should refuse to access to the repo (both from main and linked worktrees). So they will not misread the config file (i.e. skip the config.worktree part). They may still accidentally write to the config file anyway if they use with "git config --file <path>". This design places a bet on the assumption that the majority of config variables are shared so it is the default mode. A safer move would be default writes go to per-worktree file, so that accidental changes are isolated. (*) "git config --worktree" points back to "config" file when this extension is not present and there is only one worktree so that it works in any both single and multiple worktree setups. Signed-off-by: Nguyễn Thái Ngọc Duy <pclouds@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2018-10-21 14:02:28 +00:00
--worktree::
Documentation: add extensions.worktreeConfig details The extensions.worktreeConfig extension was added in 58b284a (worktree: add per-worktree config files, 2018-10-21) and was somewhat documented in Documentation/git-config.txt. However, the extensions.worktreeConfig value was not specified further in the list of possible config keys. The location of the config.worktree file is not specified, and there are some precautions that should be mentioned clearly, but are only mentioned in git-worktree.txt. Expand the documentation to help users discover the complexities of extensions.worktreeConfig by adding details and cross links in these locations (relative to Documentation/): - config/extensions.txt - git-config.txt - git-worktree.txt The updates focus on items such as * $GIT_DIR/config.worktree takes precedence over $GIT_COMMON_DIR/config. * The core.worktree and core.bare=true settings are incorrect to have in the common config file when extensions.worktreeConfig is enabled. * The sparse-checkout settings core.sparseCheckout[Cone] are recommended to be set in the worktree config. As documented in 11664196ac ("Revert "check_repository_format_gently(): refuse extensions for old repositories"", 2020-07-15), this extension must be considered regardless of the repository format version for historical reasons. A future change will update references to extensions.worktreeConfig within git-sparse-checkout.txt, but a behavior change is needed before making those updates. Helped-by: Elijah Newren <newren@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Derrick Stolee <dstolee@microsoft.com> Reviewed-by: Elijah Newren <newren@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2022-02-07 21:32:58 +00:00
Similar to `--local` except that `$GIT_DIR/config.worktree` is
worktree: add per-worktree config files A new repo extension is added, worktreeConfig. When it is present: - Repository config reading by default includes $GIT_DIR/config _and_ $GIT_DIR/config.worktree. "config" file remains shared in multiple worktree setup. - The special treatment for core.bare and core.worktree, to stay effective only in main worktree, is gone. These config settings are supposed to be in config.worktree. This extension is most useful in multiple worktree setup because you now have an option to store per-worktree config (which is either .git/config.worktree for main worktree, or .git/worktrees/xx/config.worktree for linked ones). This extension can be used in single worktree mode, even though it's pretty much useless (but this can happen after you remove all linked worktrees and move back to single worktree). "git config" reads from both "config" and "config.worktree" by default (i.e. without either --user, --file...) when this extension is present. Default writes still go to "config", not "config.worktree". A new option --worktree is added for that (*). Since a new repo extension is introduced, existing git binaries should refuse to access to the repo (both from main and linked worktrees). So they will not misread the config file (i.e. skip the config.worktree part). They may still accidentally write to the config file anyway if they use with "git config --file <path>". This design places a bet on the assumption that the majority of config variables are shared so it is the default mode. A safer move would be default writes go to per-worktree file, so that accidental changes are isolated. (*) "git config --worktree" points back to "config" file when this extension is not present and there is only one worktree so that it works in any both single and multiple worktree setups. Signed-off-by: Nguyễn Thái Ngọc Duy <pclouds@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2018-10-21 14:02:28 +00:00
read from or written to if `extensions.worktreeConfig` is
Documentation: add extensions.worktreeConfig details The extensions.worktreeConfig extension was added in 58b284a (worktree: add per-worktree config files, 2018-10-21) and was somewhat documented in Documentation/git-config.txt. However, the extensions.worktreeConfig value was not specified further in the list of possible config keys. The location of the config.worktree file is not specified, and there are some precautions that should be mentioned clearly, but are only mentioned in git-worktree.txt. Expand the documentation to help users discover the complexities of extensions.worktreeConfig by adding details and cross links in these locations (relative to Documentation/): - config/extensions.txt - git-config.txt - git-worktree.txt The updates focus on items such as * $GIT_DIR/config.worktree takes precedence over $GIT_COMMON_DIR/config. * The core.worktree and core.bare=true settings are incorrect to have in the common config file when extensions.worktreeConfig is enabled. * The sparse-checkout settings core.sparseCheckout[Cone] are recommended to be set in the worktree config. As documented in 11664196ac ("Revert "check_repository_format_gently(): refuse extensions for old repositories"", 2020-07-15), this extension must be considered regardless of the repository format version for historical reasons. A future change will update references to extensions.worktreeConfig within git-sparse-checkout.txt, but a behavior change is needed before making those updates. Helped-by: Elijah Newren <newren@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Derrick Stolee <dstolee@microsoft.com> Reviewed-by: Elijah Newren <newren@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2022-02-07 21:32:58 +00:00
enabled. If not it's the same as `--local`. Note that `$GIT_DIR`
is equal to `$GIT_COMMON_DIR` for the main working tree, but is of
the form `$GIT_DIR/worktrees/<id>/` for other working trees. See
linkgit:git-worktree[1] to learn how to enable
`extensions.worktreeConfig`.
worktree: add per-worktree config files A new repo extension is added, worktreeConfig. When it is present: - Repository config reading by default includes $GIT_DIR/config _and_ $GIT_DIR/config.worktree. "config" file remains shared in multiple worktree setup. - The special treatment for core.bare and core.worktree, to stay effective only in main worktree, is gone. These config settings are supposed to be in config.worktree. This extension is most useful in multiple worktree setup because you now have an option to store per-worktree config (which is either .git/config.worktree for main worktree, or .git/worktrees/xx/config.worktree for linked ones). This extension can be used in single worktree mode, even though it's pretty much useless (but this can happen after you remove all linked worktrees and move back to single worktree). "git config" reads from both "config" and "config.worktree" by default (i.e. without either --user, --file...) when this extension is present. Default writes still go to "config", not "config.worktree". A new option --worktree is added for that (*). Since a new repo extension is introduced, existing git binaries should refuse to access to the repo (both from main and linked worktrees). So they will not misread the config file (i.e. skip the config.worktree part). They may still accidentally write to the config file anyway if they use with "git config --file <path>". This design places a bet on the assumption that the majority of config variables are shared so it is the default mode. A safer move would be default writes go to per-worktree file, so that accidental changes are isolated. (*) "git config --worktree" points back to "config" file when this extension is not present and there is only one worktree so that it works in any both single and multiple worktree setups. Signed-off-by: Nguyễn Thái Ngọc Duy <pclouds@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2018-10-21 14:02:28 +00:00
-f <config-file>::
--file <config-file>::
For writing options: write to the specified file rather than the
repository `.git/config`.
+
For reading options: read only from the specified file rather than from all
available files.
+
See also <<FILES>>.
--blob <blob>::
Similar to `--file` but use the given blob instead of a file. E.g.
you can use 'master:.gitmodules' to read values from the file
'.gitmodules' in the master branch. See "SPECIFYING REVISIONS"
section in linkgit:gitrevisions[7] for a more complete list of
ways to spell blob names.
--remove-section::
Remove the given section from the configuration file.
--rename-section::
Rename the given section to a new name.
--unset::
Remove the line matching the key from config file.
--unset-all::
Remove all lines matching the key from config file.
-l::
--list::
List all variables set in config file, along with their values.
--fixed-value::
When used with the `value-pattern` argument, treat `value-pattern` as
an exact string instead of a regular expression. This will restrict
the name/value pairs that are matched to only those where the value
is exactly equal to the `value-pattern`.
--type <type>::
'git config' will ensure that any input or output is valid under the given
type constraint(s), and will canonicalize outgoing values in `<type>`'s
canonical form.
+
Valid `<type>`'s include:
+
- 'bool': canonicalize values as either "true" or "false".
- 'int': canonicalize values as simple decimal numbers. An optional suffix of
'k', 'm', or 'g' will cause the value to be multiplied by 1024, 1048576, or
1073741824 upon input.
- 'bool-or-int': canonicalize according to either 'bool' or 'int', as described
above.
- 'path': canonicalize by expanding a leading `~` to the value of `$HOME` and
`~user` to the home directory for the specified user. This specifier has no
effect when setting the value (but you can use `git config section.variable
~/` from the command line to let your shell do the expansion.)
- 'expiry-date': canonicalize by converting from a fixed or relative date-string
to a timestamp. This specifier has no effect when setting the value.
- 'color': When getting a value, canonicalize by converting to an ANSI color
escape sequence. When setting a value, a sanity-check is performed to ensure
that the given value is canonicalize-able as an ANSI color, but it is written
as-is.
+
--bool::
--int::
--bool-or-int::
--path::
--expiry-date::
Historical options for selecting a type specifier. Prefer instead `--type`
(see above).
--no-type::
Un-sets the previously set type specifier (if one was previously set). This
option requests that 'git config' not canonicalize the retrieved variable.
`--no-type` has no effect without `--type=<type>` or `--<type>`.
-z::
--null::
For all options that output values and/or keys, always
end values with the null character (instead of a
newline). Use newline instead as a delimiter between
key and value. This allows for secure parsing of the
output without getting confused e.g. by values that
contain line breaks.
--name-only::
Output only the names of config variables for `--list` or
`--get-regexp`.
--show-origin::
Augment the output of all queried config options with the
origin type (file, standard input, blob, command line) and
the actual origin (config file path, ref, or blob id if
applicable).
--show-scope::
Similar to `--show-origin` in that it augments the output of
all queried config options with the scope of that value
(worktree, local, global, system, command).
--get-colorbool <name> [<stdout-is-tty>]::
Find the color setting for `<name>` (e.g. `color.diff`) and output
"true" or "false". `<stdout-is-tty>` should be either "true" or
"false", and is taken into account when configuration says
"auto". If `<stdout-is-tty>` is missing, then checks the standard
output of the command itself, and exits with status 0 if color
is to be used, or exits with status 1 otherwise.
When the color setting for `name` is undefined, the command uses
`color.ui` as fallback.
--get-color <name> [<default>]::
Find the color configured for `name` (e.g. `color.diff.new`) and
output it as the ANSI color escape sequence to the standard
output. The optional `default` parameter is used instead, if
there is no color configured for `name`.
+
`--type=color [--default=<default>]` is preferred over `--get-color`
(but note that `--get-color` will omit the trailing newline printed by
`--type=color`).
-e::
--edit::
Opens an editor to modify the specified config file; either
`--system`, `--global`, `--local` (default), `--worktree`, or
`--file <config-file>`.
--[no-]includes::
config: add include directive It can be useful to split your ~/.gitconfig across multiple files. For example, you might have a "main" file which is used on many machines, but a small set of per-machine tweaks. Or you may want to make some of your config public (e.g., clever aliases) while keeping other data back (e.g., your name or other identifying information). Or you may want to include a number of config options in some subset of your repos without copying and pasting (e.g., you want to reference them from the .git/config of participating repos). This patch introduces an include directive for config files. It looks like: [include] path = /path/to/file This is syntactically backwards-compatible with existing git config parsers (i.e., they will see it as another config entry and ignore it unless you are looking up include.path). The implementation provides a "git_config_include" callback which wraps regular config callbacks. Callers can pass it to git_config_from_file, and it will transparently follow any include directives, passing all of the discovered options to the real callback. Include directives are turned on automatically for "regular" git config parsing. This includes calls to git_config, as well as calls to the "git config" program that do not specify a single file (e.g., using "-f", "--global", etc). They are not turned on in other cases, including: 1. Parsing of other config-like files, like .gitmodules. There isn't a real need, and I'd rather be conservative and avoid unnecessary incompatibility or confusion. 2. Reading single files via "git config". This is for two reasons: a. backwards compatibility with scripts looking at config-like files. b. inspection of a specific file probably means you care about just what's in that file, not a general lookup for "do we have this value anywhere at all". If that is not the case, the caller can always specify "--includes". 3. Writing files via "git config"; we want to treat include.* variables as literal items to be copied (or modified), and not expand them. So "git config --unset-all foo.bar" would operate _only_ on .git/config, not any of its included files (just as it also does not operate on ~/.gitconfig). Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2012-02-06 09:54:04 +00:00
Respect `include.*` directives in config files when looking up
values. Defaults to `off` when a specific file is given (e.g.,
using `--file`, `--global`, etc) and `on` when searching all
config files.
config: add include directive It can be useful to split your ~/.gitconfig across multiple files. For example, you might have a "main" file which is used on many machines, but a small set of per-machine tweaks. Or you may want to make some of your config public (e.g., clever aliases) while keeping other data back (e.g., your name or other identifying information). Or you may want to include a number of config options in some subset of your repos without copying and pasting (e.g., you want to reference them from the .git/config of participating repos). This patch introduces an include directive for config files. It looks like: [include] path = /path/to/file This is syntactically backwards-compatible with existing git config parsers (i.e., they will see it as another config entry and ignore it unless you are looking up include.path). The implementation provides a "git_config_include" callback which wraps regular config callbacks. Callers can pass it to git_config_from_file, and it will transparently follow any include directives, passing all of the discovered options to the real callback. Include directives are turned on automatically for "regular" git config parsing. This includes calls to git_config, as well as calls to the "git config" program that do not specify a single file (e.g., using "-f", "--global", etc). They are not turned on in other cases, including: 1. Parsing of other config-like files, like .gitmodules. There isn't a real need, and I'd rather be conservative and avoid unnecessary incompatibility or confusion. 2. Reading single files via "git config". This is for two reasons: a. backwards compatibility with scripts looking at config-like files. b. inspection of a specific file probably means you care about just what's in that file, not a general lookup for "do we have this value anywhere at all". If that is not the case, the caller can always specify "--includes". 3. Writing files via "git config"; we want to treat include.* variables as literal items to be copied (or modified), and not expand them. So "git config --unset-all foo.bar" would operate _only_ on .git/config, not any of its included files (just as it also does not operate on ~/.gitconfig). Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2012-02-06 09:54:04 +00:00
builtin/config: introduce `--default` For some use cases, callers of the `git-config(1)` builtin would like to fallback to default values when the variable asked for does not exist. In addition, users would like to use existing type specifiers to ensure that values are parsed correctly when they do exist in the configuration. For example, to fetch a value without a type specifier and fallback to `$fallback`, the following is required: $ git config core.foo || echo "$fallback" This is fine for most values, but can be tricky for difficult-to-express `$fallback`'s, like ANSI color codes. This motivates `--get-color`, which is a one-off exception to the normal type specifier rules wherein a user specifies both the configuration variable and an optional fallback. Both are formatted according to their type specifier, which eases the burden on the user to ensure that values are correctly formatted. This commit (and those following it in this series) aim to eventually replace `--get-color` with a consistent alternative. By introducing `--default`, we allow the `--get-color` action to be promoted to a `--type=color` type specifier, retaining the "fallback" behavior via the `--default` flag introduced in this commit. For example, we aim to replace: $ git config --get-color variable [default] [...] with: $ git config --default default --type=color variable [...] Values filled by `--default` behave exactly as if they were present in the affected configuration file; they will be parsed by type specifiers without the knowledge that they are not themselves present in the configuration. Specifically, this means that the following will work: $ git config --int --default 1M does.not.exist 1048576 In subsequent commits, we will offer `--type=color`, which (in conjunction with `--default`) will be sufficient to replace `--get-color`. Signed-off-by: Taylor Blau <me@ttaylorr.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2018-04-10 00:18:26 +00:00
--default <value>::
When using `--get`, and the requested variable is not found, behave as if
<value> were the value assigned to that variable.
builtin/config: introduce `--default` For some use cases, callers of the `git-config(1)` builtin would like to fallback to default values when the variable asked for does not exist. In addition, users would like to use existing type specifiers to ensure that values are parsed correctly when they do exist in the configuration. For example, to fetch a value without a type specifier and fallback to `$fallback`, the following is required: $ git config core.foo || echo "$fallback" This is fine for most values, but can be tricky for difficult-to-express `$fallback`'s, like ANSI color codes. This motivates `--get-color`, which is a one-off exception to the normal type specifier rules wherein a user specifies both the configuration variable and an optional fallback. Both are formatted according to their type specifier, which eases the burden on the user to ensure that values are correctly formatted. This commit (and those following it in this series) aim to eventually replace `--get-color` with a consistent alternative. By introducing `--default`, we allow the `--get-color` action to be promoted to a `--type=color` type specifier, retaining the "fallback" behavior via the `--default` flag introduced in this commit. For example, we aim to replace: $ git config --get-color variable [default] [...] with: $ git config --default default --type=color variable [...] Values filled by `--default` behave exactly as if they were present in the affected configuration file; they will be parsed by type specifiers without the knowledge that they are not themselves present in the configuration. Specifically, this means that the following will work: $ git config --int --default 1M does.not.exist 1048576 In subsequent commits, we will offer `--type=color`, which (in conjunction with `--default`) will be sufficient to replace `--get-color`. Signed-off-by: Taylor Blau <me@ttaylorr.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2018-04-10 00:18:26 +00:00
CONFIGURATION
-------------
`pager.config` is only respected when listing configuration, i.e., when
using `--list` or any of the `--get-*` which may return multiple results.
The default is to use a pager.
[[FILES]]
FILES
-----
By default, 'git config' will read configuration options from multiple
files:
$(prefix)/etc/gitconfig::
System-wide configuration file.
$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/git/config::
~/.gitconfig::
User-specific configuration files. When the XDG_CONFIG_HOME environment
variable is not set or empty, $HOME/.config/ is used as
$XDG_CONFIG_HOME.
+
These are also called "global" configuration files. If both files exist, both
files are read in the order given above.
$GIT_DIR/config::
Repository specific configuration file.
worktree: add per-worktree config files A new repo extension is added, worktreeConfig. When it is present: - Repository config reading by default includes $GIT_DIR/config _and_ $GIT_DIR/config.worktree. "config" file remains shared in multiple worktree setup. - The special treatment for core.bare and core.worktree, to stay effective only in main worktree, is gone. These config settings are supposed to be in config.worktree. This extension is most useful in multiple worktree setup because you now have an option to store per-worktree config (which is either .git/config.worktree for main worktree, or .git/worktrees/xx/config.worktree for linked ones). This extension can be used in single worktree mode, even though it's pretty much useless (but this can happen after you remove all linked worktrees and move back to single worktree). "git config" reads from both "config" and "config.worktree" by default (i.e. without either --user, --file...) when this extension is present. Default writes still go to "config", not "config.worktree". A new option --worktree is added for that (*). Since a new repo extension is introduced, existing git binaries should refuse to access to the repo (both from main and linked worktrees). So they will not misread the config file (i.e. skip the config.worktree part). They may still accidentally write to the config file anyway if they use with "git config --file <path>". This design places a bet on the assumption that the majority of config variables are shared so it is the default mode. A safer move would be default writes go to per-worktree file, so that accidental changes are isolated. (*) "git config --worktree" points back to "config" file when this extension is not present and there is only one worktree so that it works in any both single and multiple worktree setups. Signed-off-by: Nguyễn Thái Ngọc Duy <pclouds@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2018-10-21 14:02:28 +00:00
$GIT_DIR/config.worktree::
This is optional and is only searched when
`extensions.worktreeConfig` is present in $GIT_DIR/config.
You may also provide additional configuration parameters when running any
git command by using the `-c` option. See linkgit:git[1] for details.
Options will be read from all of these files that are available. If the
global or the system-wide configuration files are missing or unreadable they
will be ignored. If the repository configuration file is missing or unreadable,
'git config' will exit with a non-zero error code. An error message is produced
if the file is unreadable, but not if it is missing.
The files are read in the order given above, with last value found taking
precedence over values read earlier. When multiple values are taken then all
values of a key from all files will be used.
By default, options are only written to the repository specific
configuration file. Note that this also affects options like `--replace-all`
and `--unset`. *'git config' will only ever change one file at a time*.
You can limit which configuration sources are read from or written to by
specifying the path of a file with the `--file` option, or by specifying a
configuration scope with `--system`, `--global`, `--local`, or `--worktree`.
For more, see <<OPTIONS>> above.
Documentation: define protected configuration For security reasons, there are config variables that are only trusted when they are specified in certain configuration scopes, which are sometimes referred to on-list as 'protected configuration' [1]. A future commit will introduce another such variable, so let's define our terms so that we can have consistent documentation and implementation. In our documentation, define 'protected configuration' as the system, global and command config scopes. As a shorthand, I will refer to variables that are only respected in protected configuration as 'protected configuration only', but this term is not used in the documentation. This definition of protected configuration is based on whether or not Git can reasonably protect the user by ignoring the configuration scope: - System, global and command line config are considered protected because an attacker who has control over any of those can do plenty of harm without Git, so we gain very little by ignoring those scopes. - On the other hand, local (and similarly, worktree) config are not considered protected because it is relatively easy for an attacker to control local config, e.g.: - On some shared user environments, a non-admin attacker can create a repository high up the directory hierarchy (e.g. C:\.git on Windows), and a user may accidentally use it when their PS1 automatically invokes "git" commands. `safe.directory` prevents attacks of this form by making sure that the user intended to use the shared repository. It obviously shouldn't be read from the repository, because that would end up trusting the repository that Git was supposed to reject. - "git upload-pack" is expected to run in repositories that may not be controlled by the user. We cannot ignore all config in that repository (because "git upload-pack" would fail), but we can limit the risks by ignoring `uploadpack.packObjectsHook`. Only `uploadpack.packObjectsHook` is 'protected configuration only'. The following variables are intentionally excluded: - `safe.directory` should be 'protected configuration only', but it does not technically fit the definition because it is not respected in the "command" scope. A future commit will fix this. - `trace2.*` happens to read the same scopes as `safe.directory` because they share an implementation. However, this is not for security reasons; it is because we want to start tracing so early that repository-level config and "-c" are not available [2]. This requirement is unique to `trace2.*`, so it does not makes sense for protected configuration to be subject to the same constraints. [1] For example, https://lore.kernel.org/git/6af83767-576b-75c4-c778-0284344a8fe7@github.com/ [2] https://lore.kernel.org/git/a0c89d0d-669e-bf56-25d2-cbb09b012e70@jeffhostetler.com/ Signed-off-by: Glen Choo <chooglen@google.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2022-07-14 21:27:58 +00:00
[[SCOPES]]
SCOPES
------
Each configuration source falls within a configuration scope. The scopes
are:
system::
$(prefix)/etc/gitconfig
global::
$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/git/config
+
~/.gitconfig
local::
$GIT_DIR/config
worktree::
$GIT_DIR/config.worktree
command::
GIT_CONFIG_{COUNT,KEY,VALUE} environment variables (see <<ENVIRONMENT>>
below)
+
the `-c` option
With the exception of 'command', each scope corresponds to a command line
option: `--system`, `--global`, `--local`, `--worktree`.
When reading options, specifying a scope will only read options from the
files within that scope. When writing options, specifying a scope will write
to the files within that scope (instead of the repository specific
configuration file). See <<OPTIONS>> above for a complete description.
Most configuration options are respected regardless of the scope it is
defined in, but some options are only respected in certain scopes. See the
respective option's documentation for the full details.
Documentation: define protected configuration For security reasons, there are config variables that are only trusted when they are specified in certain configuration scopes, which are sometimes referred to on-list as 'protected configuration' [1]. A future commit will introduce another such variable, so let's define our terms so that we can have consistent documentation and implementation. In our documentation, define 'protected configuration' as the system, global and command config scopes. As a shorthand, I will refer to variables that are only respected in protected configuration as 'protected configuration only', but this term is not used in the documentation. This definition of protected configuration is based on whether or not Git can reasonably protect the user by ignoring the configuration scope: - System, global and command line config are considered protected because an attacker who has control over any of those can do plenty of harm without Git, so we gain very little by ignoring those scopes. - On the other hand, local (and similarly, worktree) config are not considered protected because it is relatively easy for an attacker to control local config, e.g.: - On some shared user environments, a non-admin attacker can create a repository high up the directory hierarchy (e.g. C:\.git on Windows), and a user may accidentally use it when their PS1 automatically invokes "git" commands. `safe.directory` prevents attacks of this form by making sure that the user intended to use the shared repository. It obviously shouldn't be read from the repository, because that would end up trusting the repository that Git was supposed to reject. - "git upload-pack" is expected to run in repositories that may not be controlled by the user. We cannot ignore all config in that repository (because "git upload-pack" would fail), but we can limit the risks by ignoring `uploadpack.packObjectsHook`. Only `uploadpack.packObjectsHook` is 'protected configuration only'. The following variables are intentionally excluded: - `safe.directory` should be 'protected configuration only', but it does not technically fit the definition because it is not respected in the "command" scope. A future commit will fix this. - `trace2.*` happens to read the same scopes as `safe.directory` because they share an implementation. However, this is not for security reasons; it is because we want to start tracing so early that repository-level config and "-c" are not available [2]. This requirement is unique to `trace2.*`, so it does not makes sense for protected configuration to be subject to the same constraints. [1] For example, https://lore.kernel.org/git/6af83767-576b-75c4-c778-0284344a8fe7@github.com/ [2] https://lore.kernel.org/git/a0c89d0d-669e-bf56-25d2-cbb09b012e70@jeffhostetler.com/ Signed-off-by: Glen Choo <chooglen@google.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2022-07-14 21:27:58 +00:00
Protected configuration
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Protected configuration refers to the 'system', 'global', and 'command' scopes.
For security reasons, certain options are only respected when they are
specified in protected configuration, and ignored otherwise.
Git treats these scopes as if they are controlled by the user or a trusted
administrator. This is because an attacker who controls these scopes can do
substantial harm without using Git, so it is assumed that the user's environment
protects these scopes against attackers.
[[ENVIRONMENT]]
ENVIRONMENT
-----------
config: allow overriding of global and system configuration In order to have git run in a fully controlled environment without any misconfiguration, it may be desirable for users or scripts to override global- and system-level configuration files. We already have a way of doing this, which is to unset both HOME and XDG_CONFIG_HOME environment variables and to set `GIT_CONFIG_NOGLOBAL=true`. This is quite kludgy, and unsetting the first two variables likely has an impact on other executables spawned by such a script. The obvious way to fix this would be to introduce `GIT_CONFIG_NOGLOBAL` as an equivalent to `GIT_CONFIG_NOSYSTEM`. But in the past, it has turned out that this design is inflexible: we cannot test system-level parsing of the git configuration in our test harness because there is no way to change its location, so all tests run with `GIT_CONFIG_NOSYSTEM` set. Instead of doing the same mistake with `GIT_CONFIG_NOGLOBAL`, introduce two new variables `GIT_CONFIG_GLOBAL` and `GIT_CONFIG_SYSTEM`: - If unset, git continues to use the usual locations. - If set to a specific path, we skip reading the normal configuration files and instead take the path. By setting the path to `/dev/null`, no configuration will be loaded for the respective level. This implements the usecase where we want to execute code in a sanitized environment without any potential misconfigurations via `/dev/null`, but is more flexible and allows for more usecases than simply adding `GIT_CONFIG_NOGLOBAL`. Signed-off-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2021-04-19 12:31:16 +00:00
GIT_CONFIG_GLOBAL::
GIT_CONFIG_SYSTEM::
Take the configuration from the given files instead from global or
system-level configuration. See linkgit:git[1] for details.
GIT_CONFIG_NOSYSTEM::
Whether to skip reading settings from the system-wide
$(prefix)/etc/gitconfig file. See linkgit:git[1] for details.
See also <<FILES>>.
GIT_CONFIG_COUNT::
GIT_CONFIG_KEY_<n>::
GIT_CONFIG_VALUE_<n>::
If GIT_CONFIG_COUNT is set to a positive number, all environment pairs
GIT_CONFIG_KEY_<n> and GIT_CONFIG_VALUE_<n> up to that number will be
added to the process's runtime configuration. The config pairs are
zero-indexed. Any missing key or value is treated as an error. An empty
GIT_CONFIG_COUNT is treated the same as GIT_CONFIG_COUNT=0, namely no
pairs are processed. These environment variables will override values
in configuration files, but will be overridden by any explicit options
passed via `git -c`.
+
This is useful for cases where you want to spawn multiple git commands
with a common configuration but cannot depend on a configuration file,
for example when writing scripts.
GIT_CONFIG::
If no `--file` option is provided to `git config`, use the file
given by `GIT_CONFIG` as if it were provided via `--file`. This
variable has no effect on other Git commands, and is mostly for
historical compatibility; there is generally no reason to use it
instead of the `--file` option.
[[EXAMPLES]]
EXAMPLES
--------
Given a .git/config like this:
------------
#
# This is the config file, and
# a '#' or ';' character indicates
# a comment
#
; core variables
[core]
; Don't trust file modes
filemode = false
; Our diff algorithm
[diff]
external = /usr/local/bin/diff-wrapper
renames = true
; Proxy settings
[core]
gitproxy=proxy-command for kernel.org
gitproxy=default-proxy ; for all the rest
; HTTP
[http]
sslVerify
[http "https://weak.example.com"]
sslVerify = false
cookieFile = /tmp/cookie.txt
------------
you can set the filemode to true with
------------
% git config core.filemode true
------------
The hypothetical proxy command entries actually have a postfix to discern
what URL they apply to. Here is how to change the entry for kernel.org
to "ssh".
------------
% git config core.gitproxy '"ssh" for kernel.org' 'for kernel.org$'
------------
This makes sure that only the key/value pair for kernel.org is replaced.
To delete the entry for renames, do
------------
% git config --unset diff.renames
------------
If you want to delete an entry for a multivar (like core.gitproxy above),
you have to provide a regex matching the value of exactly one line.
To query the value for a given key, do
------------
% git config --get core.filemode
------------
or
------------
% git config core.filemode
------------
or, to query a multivar:
------------
% git config --get core.gitproxy "for kernel.org$"
------------
If you want to know all the values for a multivar, do:
------------
% git config --get-all core.gitproxy
------------
If you like to live dangerously, you can replace *all* core.gitproxy by a
new one with
------------
% git config --replace-all core.gitproxy ssh
------------
However, if you really only want to replace the line for the default proxy,
i.e. the one without a "for ..." postfix, do something like this:
------------
% git config core.gitproxy ssh '! for '
------------
To actually match only values with an exclamation mark, you have to
------------
% git config section.key value '[!]'
------------
To add a new proxy, without altering any of the existing ones, use
------------
% git config --add core.gitproxy '"proxy-command" for example.com'
------------
An example to use customized color from the configuration in your
script:
------------
#!/bin/sh
WS=$(git config --get-color color.diff.whitespace "blue reverse")
RESET=$(git config --get-color "" "reset")
echo "${WS}your whitespace color or blue reverse${RESET}"
------------
For URLs in `https://weak.example.com`, `http.sslVerify` is set to
false, while it is set to `true` for all others:
------------
% git config --type=bool --get-urlmatch http.sslverify https://good.example.com
true
% git config --type=bool --get-urlmatch http.sslverify https://weak.example.com
false
% git config --get-urlmatch http https://weak.example.com
http.cookieFile /tmp/cookie.txt
http.sslverify false
------------
include::config.txt[]
BUGS
----
When using the deprecated `[section.subsection]` syntax, changing a value
will result in adding a multi-line key instead of a change, if the subsection
is given with at least one uppercase character. For example when the config
looks like
--------
[section.subsection]
key = value1
--------
and running `git config section.Subsection.key value2` will result in
--------
[section.subsection]
key = value1
key = value2
--------
GIT
---
Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite