git/Documentation/git-rev-parse.txt

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git-rev-parse(1)
================
NAME
----
git-rev-parse - Pick out and massage parameters
SYNOPSIS
--------
[verse]
'git rev-parse' [ --option ] <args>...
DESCRIPTION
-----------
Many Git porcelainish commands take mixture of flags
(i.e. parameters that begin with a dash '-') and parameters
meant for the underlying 'git rev-list' command they use internally
and flags and parameters for the other commands they use
downstream of 'git rev-list'. This command is used to
distinguish between them.
OPTIONS
-------
Operation Modes
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Each of these options must appear first on the command line.
--parseopt::
Use 'git rev-parse' in option parsing mode (see PARSEOPT section below).
--sq-quote::
Use 'git rev-parse' in shell quoting mode (see SQ-QUOTE
section below). In contrast to the `--sq` option below, this
mode does only quoting. Nothing else is done to command input.
Options for --parseopt
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
--keep-dashdash::
Only meaningful in `--parseopt` mode. Tells the option parser to echo
out the first `--` met instead of skipping it.
--stop-at-non-option::
Only meaningful in `--parseopt` mode. Lets the option parser stop at
the first non-option argument. This can be used to parse sub-commands
that take options themselves.
--stuck-long::
Only meaningful in `--parseopt` mode. Output the options in their
long form if available, and with their arguments stuck.
Options for Filtering
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
--revs-only::
Do not output flags and parameters not meant for
'git rev-list' command.
--no-revs::
Do not output flags and parameters meant for
'git rev-list' command.
--flags::
Do not output non-flag parameters.
--no-flags::
Do not output flag parameters.
Options for Output
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
--default <arg>::
If there is no parameter given by the user, use `<arg>`
instead.
--prefix <arg>::
Behave as if 'git rev-parse' was invoked from the `<arg>`
subdirectory of the working tree. Any relative filenames are
resolved as if they are prefixed by `<arg>` and will be printed
in that form.
+
This can be used to convert arguments to a command run in a subdirectory
so that they can still be used after moving to the top-level of the
repository. For example:
+
----
prefix=$(git rev-parse --show-prefix)
cd "$(git rev-parse --show-toplevel)"
eval "set -- $(git rev-parse --sq --prefix "$prefix" "$@")"
----
--verify::
Verify that exactly one parameter is provided, and that it
can be turned into a raw 20-byte SHA-1 that can be used to
access the object database. If so, emit it to the standard
output; otherwise, error out.
+
If you want to make sure that the output actually names an object in
your object database and/or can be used as a specific type of object
you require, you can add the `^{type}` peeling operator to the parameter.
For example, `git rev-parse "$VAR^{commit}"` will make sure `$VAR`
names an existing object that is a commit-ish (i.e. a commit, or an
annotated tag that points at a commit). To make sure that `$VAR`
names an existing object of any type, `git rev-parse "$VAR^{object}"`
can be used.
-q::
--quiet::
Only meaningful in `--verify` mode. Do not output an error
message if the first argument is not a valid object name;
instead exit with non-zero status silently.
SHA-1s for valid object names are printed to stdout on success.
--sq::
Usually the output is made one line per flag and
parameter. This option makes output a single line,
properly quoted for consumption by shell. Useful when
you expect your parameter to contain whitespaces and
newlines (e.g. when using pickaxe `-S` with
'git diff-{asterisk}'). In contrast to the `--sq-quote` option,
the command input is still interpreted as usual.
--not::
When showing object names, prefix them with '{caret}' and
strip '{caret}' prefix from the object names that already have
one.
--abbrev-ref[=(strict|loose)]::
A non-ambiguous short name of the objects name.
The option core.warnAmbiguousRefs is used to select the strict
abbreviation mode.
--short::
--short=number::
Instead of outputting the full SHA-1 values of object names try to
abbreviate them to a shorter unique name. When no length is specified
7 is used. The minimum length is 4.
--symbolic::
Usually the object names are output in SHA-1 form (with
possible '{caret}' prefix); this option makes them output in a
form as close to the original input as possible.
--symbolic-full-name::
This is similar to --symbolic, but it omits input that
are not refs (i.e. branch or tag names; or more
explicitly disambiguating "heads/master" form, when you
want to name the "master" branch when there is an
unfortunately named tag "master"), and show them as full
refnames (e.g. "refs/heads/master").
Options for Objects
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
--all::
Show all refs found in `refs/`.
--branches[=pattern]::
--tags[=pattern]::
--remotes[=pattern]::
Show all branches, tags, or remote-tracking branches,
respectively (i.e., refs found in `refs/heads`,
`refs/tags`, or `refs/remotes`, respectively).
+
If a `pattern` is given, only refs matching the given shell glob are
shown. If the pattern does not contain a globbing character (`?`,
docs: stop using asciidoc no-inline-literal In asciidoc 7, backticks like `foo` produced a typographic effect, but did not otherwise affect the syntax. In asciidoc 8, backticks introduce an "inline literal" inside which markup is not interpreted. To keep compatibility with existing documents, asciidoc 8 has a "no-inline-literal" attribute to keep the old behavior. We enabled this so that the documentation could be built on either version. It has been several years now, and asciidoc 7 is no longer in wide use. We can now decide whether or not we want inline literals on their own merits, which are: 1. The source is much easier to read when the literal contains punctuation. You can use `master~1` instead of `master{tilde}1`. 2. They are less error-prone. Because of point (1), we tend to make mistakes and forget the extra layer of quoting. This patch removes the no-inline-literal attribute from the Makefile and converts every use of backticks in the documentation to an inline literal (they must be cleaned up, or the example above would literally show "{tilde}" in the output). Problematic sites were found by grepping for '`.*[{\\]' and examined and fixed manually. The results were then verified by comparing the output of "html2text" on the set of generated html pages. Doing so revealed that in addition to making the source more readable, this patch fixes several formatting bugs: - HTML rendering used the ellipsis character instead of literal "..." in code examples (like "git log A...B") - some code examples used the right-arrow character instead of '->' because they failed to quote - api-config.txt did not quote tilde, and the resulting HTML contained a bogus snippet like: <tt><sub></tt> foo <tt></sub>bar</tt> which caused some parsers to choke and omit whole sections of the page. - git-commit.txt confused ``foo`` (backticks inside a literal) with ``foo'' (matched double-quotes) - mentions of `A U Thor <author@example.com>` used to erroneously auto-generate a mailto footnote for author@example.com - the description of --word-diff=plain incorrectly showed the output as "[-removed-] and {added}", not "{+added+}". - using "prime" notation like: commit `C` and its replacement `C'` confused asciidoc into thinking that everything between the first backtick and the final apostrophe were meant to be inside matched quotes - asciidoc got confused by the escaping of some of our asterisks. In particular, `credential.\*` and `credential.<url>.\*` properly escaped the asterisk in the first case, but literally passed through the backslash in the second case. Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2012-04-26 08:51:57 +00:00
`*`, or `[`), it is turned into a prefix match by appending `/*`.
--glob=pattern::
Show all refs matching the shell glob pattern `pattern`. If
the pattern does not start with `refs/`, this is automatically
prepended. If the pattern does not contain a globbing
docs: stop using asciidoc no-inline-literal In asciidoc 7, backticks like `foo` produced a typographic effect, but did not otherwise affect the syntax. In asciidoc 8, backticks introduce an "inline literal" inside which markup is not interpreted. To keep compatibility with existing documents, asciidoc 8 has a "no-inline-literal" attribute to keep the old behavior. We enabled this so that the documentation could be built on either version. It has been several years now, and asciidoc 7 is no longer in wide use. We can now decide whether or not we want inline literals on their own merits, which are: 1. The source is much easier to read when the literal contains punctuation. You can use `master~1` instead of `master{tilde}1`. 2. They are less error-prone. Because of point (1), we tend to make mistakes and forget the extra layer of quoting. This patch removes the no-inline-literal attribute from the Makefile and converts every use of backticks in the documentation to an inline literal (they must be cleaned up, or the example above would literally show "{tilde}" in the output). Problematic sites were found by grepping for '`.*[{\\]' and examined and fixed manually. The results were then verified by comparing the output of "html2text" on the set of generated html pages. Doing so revealed that in addition to making the source more readable, this patch fixes several formatting bugs: - HTML rendering used the ellipsis character instead of literal "..." in code examples (like "git log A...B") - some code examples used the right-arrow character instead of '->' because they failed to quote - api-config.txt did not quote tilde, and the resulting HTML contained a bogus snippet like: <tt><sub></tt> foo <tt></sub>bar</tt> which caused some parsers to choke and omit whole sections of the page. - git-commit.txt confused ``foo`` (backticks inside a literal) with ``foo'' (matched double-quotes) - mentions of `A U Thor <author@example.com>` used to erroneously auto-generate a mailto footnote for author@example.com - the description of --word-diff=plain incorrectly showed the output as "[-removed-] and {added}", not "{+added+}". - using "prime" notation like: commit `C` and its replacement `C'` confused asciidoc into thinking that everything between the first backtick and the final apostrophe were meant to be inside matched quotes - asciidoc got confused by the escaping of some of our asterisks. In particular, `credential.\*` and `credential.<url>.\*` properly escaped the asterisk in the first case, but literally passed through the backslash in the second case. Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2012-04-26 08:51:57 +00:00
character (`?`, `*`, or `[`), it is turned into a prefix
match by appending `/*`.
--exclude=<glob-pattern>::
Do not include refs matching '<glob-pattern>' that the next `--all`,
`--branches`, `--tags`, `--remotes`, or `--glob` would otherwise
consider. Repetitions of this option accumulate exclusion patterns
up to the next `--all`, `--branches`, `--tags`, `--remotes`, or
`--glob` option (other options or arguments do not clear
accumulated patterns).
+
The patterns given should not begin with `refs/heads`, `refs/tags`, or
`refs/remotes` when applied to `--branches`, `--tags`, or `--remotes`,
respectively, and they must begin with `refs/` when applied to `--glob`
or `--all`. If a trailing '/{asterisk}' is intended, it must be given
explicitly.
--disambiguate=<prefix>::
Show every object whose name begins with the given prefix.
The <prefix> must be at least 4 hexadecimal digits long to
avoid listing each and every object in the repository by
mistake.
Options for Files
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
--local-env-vars::
List the GIT_* environment variables that are local to the
repository (e.g. GIT_DIR or GIT_WORK_TREE, but not GIT_EDITOR).
Only the names of the variables are listed, not their value,
even if they are set.
--git-dir::
Show `$GIT_DIR` if defined. Otherwise show the path to
the .git directory. The path shown, when relative, is
relative to the current working directory.
+
If `$GIT_DIR` is not defined and the current directory
is not detected to lie in a Git repository or work tree
print a message to stderr and exit with nonzero status.
--git-common-dir::
Show `$GIT_COMMON_DIR` if defined, else `$GIT_DIR`.
--is-inside-git-dir::
When the current working directory is below the repository
directory print "true", otherwise "false".
introduce GIT_WORK_TREE to specify the work tree setup_gdg is used as abbreviation for setup_git_directory_gently. The work tree can be specified using the environment variable GIT_WORK_TREE and the config option core.worktree (the environment variable has precendence over the config option). Additionally there is a command line option --work-tree which sets the environment variable. setup_gdg does the following now: GIT_DIR unspecified repository in .git directory parent directory of the .git directory is used as work tree, GIT_WORK_TREE is ignored GIT_DIR unspecified repository in cwd GIT_DIR is set to cwd see the cases with GIT_DIR specified what happens next and also see the note below GIT_DIR specified GIT_WORK_TREE/core.worktree unspecified cwd is used as work tree GIT_DIR specified GIT_WORK_TREE/core.worktree specified the specified work tree is used Note on the case where GIT_DIR is unspecified and repository is in cwd: GIT_WORK_TREE is used but is_inside_git_dir is always true. I did it this way because setup_gdg might be called multiple times (e.g. when doing alias expansion) and in successive calls setup_gdg should do the same thing every time. Meaning of is_bare/is_inside_work_tree/is_inside_git_dir: (1) is_bare_repository A repository is bare if core.bare is true or core.bare is unspecified and the name suggests it is bare (directory not named .git). The bare option disables a few protective checks which are useful with a working tree. Currently this changes if a repository is bare: updates of HEAD are allowed git gc packs the refs the reflog is disabled by default (2) is_inside_work_tree True if the cwd is inside the associated working tree (if there is one), false otherwise. (3) is_inside_git_dir True if the cwd is inside the git directory, false otherwise. Before this patch is_inside_git_dir was always true for bare repositories. When setup_gdg finds a repository git_config(git_default_config) is always called. This ensure that is_bare_repository makes use of core.bare and does not guess even though core.bare is specified. inside_work_tree and inside_git_dir are set if setup_gdg finds a repository. The is_inside_work_tree and is_inside_git_dir functions will die if they are called before a successful call to setup_gdg. Signed-off-by: Matthias Lederhofer <matled@gmx.net> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2007-06-06 07:10:42 +00:00
--is-inside-work-tree::
When the current working directory is inside the work tree of the
repository print "true", otherwise "false".
--is-bare-repository::
When the repository is bare print "true", otherwise "false".
--resolve-git-dir <path>::
Check if <path> is a valid repository or a gitfile that
points at a valid repository, and print the location of the
repository. If <path> is a gitfile then the resolved path
to the real repository is printed.
2014-11-30 08:24:31 +00:00
--git-path <path>::
Resolve "$GIT_DIR/<path>" and takes other path relocation
variables such as $GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY,
$GIT_INDEX_FILE... into account. For example, if
$GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY is set to /foo/bar then "git rev-parse
--git-path objects/abc" returns /foo/bar/abc.
--show-cdup::
When the command is invoked from a subdirectory, show the
path of the top-level directory relative to the current
directory (typically a sequence of "../", or an empty string).
--show-prefix::
When the command is invoked from a subdirectory, show the
path of the current directory relative to the top-level
directory.
--show-toplevel::
Show the absolute path of the top-level directory.
--shared-index-path::
Show the path to the shared index file in split index mode, or
empty if not in split-index mode.
Other Options
~~~~~~~~~~~~~
--since=datestring::
--after=datestring::
Parse the date string, and output the corresponding
--max-age= parameter for 'git rev-list'.
--until=datestring::
--before=datestring::
Parse the date string, and output the corresponding
--min-age= parameter for 'git rev-list'.
<args>...::
Flags and parameters to be parsed.
include::revisions.txt[]
PARSEOPT
--------
In `--parseopt` mode, 'git rev-parse' helps massaging options to bring to shell
scripts the same facilities C builtins have. It works as an option normalizer
(e.g. splits single switches aggregate values), a bit like `getopt(1)` does.
It takes on the standard input the specification of the options to parse and
understand, and echoes on the standard output a string suitable for `sh(1)` `eval`
to replace the arguments with normalized ones. In case of error, it outputs
usage on the standard error stream, and exits with code 129.
Note: Make sure you quote the result when passing it to `eval`. See
below for an example.
Input Format
~~~~~~~~~~~~
'git rev-parse --parseopt' input format is fully text based. It has two parts,
separated by a line that contains only `--`. The lines before the separator
(should be one or more) are used for the usage.
The lines after the separator describe the options.
Each line of options has this format:
------------
<opt-spec><flags>*<arg-hint>? SP+ help LF
------------
`<opt-spec>`::
its format is the short option character, then the long option name
separated by a comma. Both parts are not required, though at least one
is necessary. May not contain any of the `<flags>` characters.
`h,help`, `dry-run` and `f` are examples of correct `<opt-spec>`.
`<flags>`::
`<flags>` are of `*`, `=`, `?` or `!`.
* Use `=` if the option takes an argument.
* Use `?` to mean that the option takes an optional argument. You
probably want to use the `--stuck-long` mode to be able to
unambiguously parse the optional argument.
* Use `*` to mean that this option should not be listed in the usage
generated for the `-h` argument. It's shown for `--help-all` as
documented in linkgit:gitcli[7].
* Use `!` to not make the corresponding negated long option available.
`<arg-hint>`::
`<arg-hint>`, if specified, is used as a name of the argument in the
help output, for options that take arguments. `<arg-hint>` is
terminated by the first whitespace. It is customary to use a
dash to separate words in a multi-word argument hint.
The remainder of the line, after stripping the spaces, is used
as the help associated to the option.
Blank lines are ignored, and lines that don't match this specification are used
as option group headers (start the line with a space to create such
lines on purpose).
Example
~~~~~~~
------------
OPTS_SPEC="\
some-command [options] <args>...
some-command does foo and bar!
--
h,help show the help
foo some nifty option --foo
bar= some cool option --bar with an argument
baz=arg another cool option --baz with a named argument
qux?path qux may take a path argument but has meaning by itself
An option group Header
C? option C with an optional argument"
eval "$(echo "$OPTS_SPEC" | git rev-parse --parseopt -- "$@" || echo exit $?)"
------------
Usage text
~~~~~~~~~~
When `"$@"` is `-h` or `--help` in the above example, the following
usage text would be shown:
------------
usage: some-command [options] <args>...
some-command does foo and bar!
-h, --help show the help
--foo some nifty option --foo
--bar ... some cool option --bar with an argument
--baz <arg> another cool option --baz with a named argument
--qux[=<path>] qux may take a path argument but has meaning by itself
An option group Header
-C[...] option C with an optional argument
------------
SQ-QUOTE
--------
In `--sq-quote` mode, 'git rev-parse' echoes on the standard output a
single line suitable for `sh(1)` `eval`. This line is made by
normalizing the arguments following `--sq-quote`. Nothing other than
quoting the arguments is done.
If you want command input to still be interpreted as usual by
'git rev-parse' before the output is shell quoted, see the `--sq`
option.
Example
~~~~~~~
------------
$ cat >your-git-script.sh <<\EOF
#!/bin/sh
args=$(git rev-parse --sq-quote "$@") # quote user-supplied arguments
command="git frotz -n24 $args" # and use it inside a handcrafted
# command line
eval "$command"
EOF
$ sh your-git-script.sh "a b'c"
------------
EXAMPLES
--------
* Print the object name of the current commit:
+
------------
$ git rev-parse --verify HEAD
------------
* Print the commit object name from the revision in the $REV shell variable:
+
------------
$ git rev-parse --verify $REV^{commit}
------------
+
This will error out if $REV is empty or not a valid revision.
* Similar to above:
+
------------
$ git rev-parse --default master --verify $REV
------------
+
but if $REV is empty, the commit object name from master will be printed.
GIT
---
Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite