git/Documentation/git-submodule.txt

416 lines
18 KiB
Text
Raw Normal View History

git-submodule(1)
================
NAME
----
git-submodule - Initialize, update or inspect submodules
SYNOPSIS
--------
[verse]
'git submodule' [--quiet] add [-b <branch>] [-f|--force] [--name <name>]
[--reference <repository>] [--depth <depth>] [--] <repository> [<path>]
'git submodule' [--quiet] status [--cached] [--recursive] [--] [<path>...]
'git submodule' [--quiet] init [--] [<path>...]
'git submodule' [--quiet] deinit [-f|--force] (--all|[--] <path>...)
'git submodule' [--quiet] update [--init] [--remote] [-N|--no-fetch]
[--[no-]recommend-shallow] [-f|--force] [--rebase|--merge]
[--reference <repository>] [--depth <depth>] [--recursive]
[--jobs <n>] [--] [<path>...]
'git submodule' [--quiet] summary [--cached|--files] [(-n|--summary-limit) <n>]
[commit] [--] [<path>...]
'git submodule' [--quiet] foreach [--recursive] <command>
'git submodule' [--quiet] sync [--recursive] [--] [<path>...]
DESCRIPTION
-----------
Inspects, updates and manages submodules.
A submodule allows you to keep another Git repository in a subdirectory
of your repository. The other repository has its own history, which does not
interfere with the history of the current repository. This can be used to
have external dependencies such as third party libraries for example.
When cloning or pulling a repository containing submodules however,
these will not be checked out by default; the 'init' and 'update'
subcommands will maintain submodules checked out and at
appropriate revision in your working tree.
Submodules are composed from a so-called `gitlink` tree entry
in the main repository that refers to a particular commit object
within the inner repository that is completely separate.
A record in the `.gitmodules` (see linkgit:gitmodules[5]) file at the
root of the source tree assigns a logical name to the submodule and
describes the default URL the submodule shall be cloned from.
The logical name can be used for overriding this URL within your
local repository configuration (see 'submodule init').
Submodules are not to be confused with remotes, which are other
repositories of the same project; submodules are meant for
different projects you would like to make part of your source tree,
while the history of the two projects still stays completely
independent and you cannot modify the contents of the submodule
from within the main project.
If you want to merge the project histories and want to treat the
aggregated whole as a single project from then on, you may want to
add a remote for the other project and use the 'subtree' merge strategy,
instead of treating the other project as a submodule. Directories
that come from both projects can be cloned and checked out as a whole
if you choose to go that route.
COMMANDS
--------
add::
Add the given repository as a submodule at the given path
git-submodule - make "submodule add" more strict, and document it This change makes "submodule add" much more strict in the arguments it takes, and is intended to address confusion as recently noted on the git-list. With this change, the required syntax is: $ git submodule add URL path Specifically, this eliminates the form $ git submodule add URL which was confused by more than one person as $ git submodule add path With this patch, the URL locating the submodule's origin repository can be either an absolute URL, or (if it begins with ./ or ../) can express the submodule's repository location relative to the superproject's origin. This patch also eliminates a third form of URL, which was relative to the superproject's top-level directory (not its repository). Any URL that was neither absolute nor matched ./*|../* was assumed to point to a subdirectory of the superproject as the location of the submodule's origin repository. This URL form was confusing and does not seem to correspond to an important use-case. Specifically, no-one has identified the need to clone from a repository already in the superproject's tree, but if this is needed it is easily done using an absolute URL: $(pwd)/relative-path. So, no functionality is lost with this patch. (t6008-rev-list-submodule.sh did rely upon this relative URL, fixed by using $(pwd).) Following this change, there are exactly four variants of submodule-add, as both arguments have two flavors: URL can be absolute, or can begin with ./|../ and thus names the submodule's origin relative to the superproject's origin. Note: With this patch, "submodule add" discerns an absolute URL as matching /*|*:*: e.g., URL begins with /, or it contains a :. This works for all valid URLs, an absolute path in POSIX, as well as an absolute path on Windows). path can either already exist as a valid git repo, or will be cloned from the given URL. The first form here eases creation of a new submodule in an existing superproject as the submodule can be added and tested in-tree before pushing to the public repository. However, the more usual form is the second, where the repo is cloned from the given URL. This specifically addresses the issue of $ git submodule add a/b/c attempting to clone from a repository at "a/b/c" to create a new module in "c". This also simplifies description of "relative URL" as there is now exactly *one* form: a URL relative to the parent's origin repo. Signed-off-by: Mark Levedahl <mlevedahl@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2008-07-10 01:05:40 +00:00
to the changeset to be committed next to the current
project: the current project is termed the "superproject".
git-submodule - make "submodule add" more strict, and document it This change makes "submodule add" much more strict in the arguments it takes, and is intended to address confusion as recently noted on the git-list. With this change, the required syntax is: $ git submodule add URL path Specifically, this eliminates the form $ git submodule add URL which was confused by more than one person as $ git submodule add path With this patch, the URL locating the submodule's origin repository can be either an absolute URL, or (if it begins with ./ or ../) can express the submodule's repository location relative to the superproject's origin. This patch also eliminates a third form of URL, which was relative to the superproject's top-level directory (not its repository). Any URL that was neither absolute nor matched ./*|../* was assumed to point to a subdirectory of the superproject as the location of the submodule's origin repository. This URL form was confusing and does not seem to correspond to an important use-case. Specifically, no-one has identified the need to clone from a repository already in the superproject's tree, but if this is needed it is easily done using an absolute URL: $(pwd)/relative-path. So, no functionality is lost with this patch. (t6008-rev-list-submodule.sh did rely upon this relative URL, fixed by using $(pwd).) Following this change, there are exactly four variants of submodule-add, as both arguments have two flavors: URL can be absolute, or can begin with ./|../ and thus names the submodule's origin relative to the superproject's origin. Note: With this patch, "submodule add" discerns an absolute URL as matching /*|*:*: e.g., URL begins with /, or it contains a :. This works for all valid URLs, an absolute path in POSIX, as well as an absolute path on Windows). path can either already exist as a valid git repo, or will be cloned from the given URL. The first form here eases creation of a new submodule in an existing superproject as the submodule can be added and tested in-tree before pushing to the public repository. However, the more usual form is the second, where the repo is cloned from the given URL. This specifically addresses the issue of $ git submodule add a/b/c attempting to clone from a repository at "a/b/c" to create a new module in "c". This also simplifies description of "relative URL" as there is now exactly *one* form: a URL relative to the parent's origin repo. Signed-off-by: Mark Levedahl <mlevedahl@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2008-07-10 01:05:40 +00:00
+
This requires at least one argument: <repository>. The optional
argument <path> is the relative location for the cloned submodule
to exist in the superproject. If <path> is not given, the
"humanish" part of the source repository is used ("repo" for
"/path/to/repo.git" and "foo" for "host.xz:foo/.git").
The <path> is also used as the submodule's logical name in its
configuration entries unless `--name` is used to specify a logical name.
git-submodule - make "submodule add" more strict, and document it This change makes "submodule add" much more strict in the arguments it takes, and is intended to address confusion as recently noted on the git-list. With this change, the required syntax is: $ git submodule add URL path Specifically, this eliminates the form $ git submodule add URL which was confused by more than one person as $ git submodule add path With this patch, the URL locating the submodule's origin repository can be either an absolute URL, or (if it begins with ./ or ../) can express the submodule's repository location relative to the superproject's origin. This patch also eliminates a third form of URL, which was relative to the superproject's top-level directory (not its repository). Any URL that was neither absolute nor matched ./*|../* was assumed to point to a subdirectory of the superproject as the location of the submodule's origin repository. This URL form was confusing and does not seem to correspond to an important use-case. Specifically, no-one has identified the need to clone from a repository already in the superproject's tree, but if this is needed it is easily done using an absolute URL: $(pwd)/relative-path. So, no functionality is lost with this patch. (t6008-rev-list-submodule.sh did rely upon this relative URL, fixed by using $(pwd).) Following this change, there are exactly four variants of submodule-add, as both arguments have two flavors: URL can be absolute, or can begin with ./|../ and thus names the submodule's origin relative to the superproject's origin. Note: With this patch, "submodule add" discerns an absolute URL as matching /*|*:*: e.g., URL begins with /, or it contains a :. This works for all valid URLs, an absolute path in POSIX, as well as an absolute path on Windows). path can either already exist as a valid git repo, or will be cloned from the given URL. The first form here eases creation of a new submodule in an existing superproject as the submodule can be added and tested in-tree before pushing to the public repository. However, the more usual form is the second, where the repo is cloned from the given URL. This specifically addresses the issue of $ git submodule add a/b/c attempting to clone from a repository at "a/b/c" to create a new module in "c". This also simplifies description of "relative URL" as there is now exactly *one* form: a URL relative to the parent's origin repo. Signed-off-by: Mark Levedahl <mlevedahl@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2008-07-10 01:05:40 +00:00
+
<repository> is the URL of the new submodule's origin repository.
This may be either an absolute URL, or (if it begins with ./
or ../), the location relative to the superproject's origin
repository (Please note that to specify a repository 'foo.git'
which is located right next to a superproject 'bar.git', you'll
have to use '../foo.git' instead of './foo.git' - as one might expect
when following the rules for relative URLs - because the evaluation
of relative URLs in Git is identical to that of relative directories).
If the superproject doesn't have an origin configured
the superproject is its own authoritative upstream and the current
working directory is used instead.
git-submodule - make "submodule add" more strict, and document it This change makes "submodule add" much more strict in the arguments it takes, and is intended to address confusion as recently noted on the git-list. With this change, the required syntax is: $ git submodule add URL path Specifically, this eliminates the form $ git submodule add URL which was confused by more than one person as $ git submodule add path With this patch, the URL locating the submodule's origin repository can be either an absolute URL, or (if it begins with ./ or ../) can express the submodule's repository location relative to the superproject's origin. This patch also eliminates a third form of URL, which was relative to the superproject's top-level directory (not its repository). Any URL that was neither absolute nor matched ./*|../* was assumed to point to a subdirectory of the superproject as the location of the submodule's origin repository. This URL form was confusing and does not seem to correspond to an important use-case. Specifically, no-one has identified the need to clone from a repository already in the superproject's tree, but if this is needed it is easily done using an absolute URL: $(pwd)/relative-path. So, no functionality is lost with this patch. (t6008-rev-list-submodule.sh did rely upon this relative URL, fixed by using $(pwd).) Following this change, there are exactly four variants of submodule-add, as both arguments have two flavors: URL can be absolute, or can begin with ./|../ and thus names the submodule's origin relative to the superproject's origin. Note: With this patch, "submodule add" discerns an absolute URL as matching /*|*:*: e.g., URL begins with /, or it contains a :. This works for all valid URLs, an absolute path in POSIX, as well as an absolute path on Windows). path can either already exist as a valid git repo, or will be cloned from the given URL. The first form here eases creation of a new submodule in an existing superproject as the submodule can be added and tested in-tree before pushing to the public repository. However, the more usual form is the second, where the repo is cloned from the given URL. This specifically addresses the issue of $ git submodule add a/b/c attempting to clone from a repository at "a/b/c" to create a new module in "c". This also simplifies description of "relative URL" as there is now exactly *one* form: a URL relative to the parent's origin repo. Signed-off-by: Mark Levedahl <mlevedahl@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2008-07-10 01:05:40 +00:00
+
<path> is the relative location for the cloned submodule to
exist in the superproject. If <path> does not exist, then the
submodule is created by cloning from the named URL. If <path> does
exist and is already a valid Git repository, then this is added
git-submodule - make "submodule add" more strict, and document it This change makes "submodule add" much more strict in the arguments it takes, and is intended to address confusion as recently noted on the git-list. With this change, the required syntax is: $ git submodule add URL path Specifically, this eliminates the form $ git submodule add URL which was confused by more than one person as $ git submodule add path With this patch, the URL locating the submodule's origin repository can be either an absolute URL, or (if it begins with ./ or ../) can express the submodule's repository location relative to the superproject's origin. This patch also eliminates a third form of URL, which was relative to the superproject's top-level directory (not its repository). Any URL that was neither absolute nor matched ./*|../* was assumed to point to a subdirectory of the superproject as the location of the submodule's origin repository. This URL form was confusing and does not seem to correspond to an important use-case. Specifically, no-one has identified the need to clone from a repository already in the superproject's tree, but if this is needed it is easily done using an absolute URL: $(pwd)/relative-path. So, no functionality is lost with this patch. (t6008-rev-list-submodule.sh did rely upon this relative URL, fixed by using $(pwd).) Following this change, there are exactly four variants of submodule-add, as both arguments have two flavors: URL can be absolute, or can begin with ./|../ and thus names the submodule's origin relative to the superproject's origin. Note: With this patch, "submodule add" discerns an absolute URL as matching /*|*:*: e.g., URL begins with /, or it contains a :. This works for all valid URLs, an absolute path in POSIX, as well as an absolute path on Windows). path can either already exist as a valid git repo, or will be cloned from the given URL. The first form here eases creation of a new submodule in an existing superproject as the submodule can be added and tested in-tree before pushing to the public repository. However, the more usual form is the second, where the repo is cloned from the given URL. This specifically addresses the issue of $ git submodule add a/b/c attempting to clone from a repository at "a/b/c" to create a new module in "c". This also simplifies description of "relative URL" as there is now exactly *one* form: a URL relative to the parent's origin repo. Signed-off-by: Mark Levedahl <mlevedahl@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2008-07-10 01:05:40 +00:00
to the changeset without cloning. This second form is provided
to ease creating a new submodule from scratch, and presumes
the user will later push the submodule to the given URL.
+
In either case, the given URL is recorded into .gitmodules for
use by subsequent users cloning the superproject. If the URL is
given relative to the superproject's repository, the presumption
is the superproject and submodule repositories will be kept
together in the same relative location, and only the
superproject's URL needs to be provided: git-submodule will correctly
git-submodule - make "submodule add" more strict, and document it This change makes "submodule add" much more strict in the arguments it takes, and is intended to address confusion as recently noted on the git-list. With this change, the required syntax is: $ git submodule add URL path Specifically, this eliminates the form $ git submodule add URL which was confused by more than one person as $ git submodule add path With this patch, the URL locating the submodule's origin repository can be either an absolute URL, or (if it begins with ./ or ../) can express the submodule's repository location relative to the superproject's origin. This patch also eliminates a third form of URL, which was relative to the superproject's top-level directory (not its repository). Any URL that was neither absolute nor matched ./*|../* was assumed to point to a subdirectory of the superproject as the location of the submodule's origin repository. This URL form was confusing and does not seem to correspond to an important use-case. Specifically, no-one has identified the need to clone from a repository already in the superproject's tree, but if this is needed it is easily done using an absolute URL: $(pwd)/relative-path. So, no functionality is lost with this patch. (t6008-rev-list-submodule.sh did rely upon this relative URL, fixed by using $(pwd).) Following this change, there are exactly four variants of submodule-add, as both arguments have two flavors: URL can be absolute, or can begin with ./|../ and thus names the submodule's origin relative to the superproject's origin. Note: With this patch, "submodule add" discerns an absolute URL as matching /*|*:*: e.g., URL begins with /, or it contains a :. This works for all valid URLs, an absolute path in POSIX, as well as an absolute path on Windows). path can either already exist as a valid git repo, or will be cloned from the given URL. The first form here eases creation of a new submodule in an existing superproject as the submodule can be added and tested in-tree before pushing to the public repository. However, the more usual form is the second, where the repo is cloned from the given URL. This specifically addresses the issue of $ git submodule add a/b/c attempting to clone from a repository at "a/b/c" to create a new module in "c". This also simplifies description of "relative URL" as there is now exactly *one* form: a URL relative to the parent's origin repo. Signed-off-by: Mark Levedahl <mlevedahl@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2008-07-10 01:05:40 +00:00
locate the submodule using the relative URL in .gitmodules.
status::
Show the status of the submodules. This will print the SHA-1 of the
currently checked out commit for each submodule, along with the
submodule path and the output of 'git describe' for the
SHA-1. Each SHA-1 will be prefixed with `-` if the submodule is not
submodule: process conflicting submodules only once During a merge module_list returns conflicting submodules several times (stage 1,2,3) which caused the submodules to be used multiple times in git submodule init, sync, update and status command. There are 5 callers of module_list; they all read (mode, sha1, stage, path) tuple, and most of them care only about path. As a first level approximation, it should be Ok (in the sense that it does not make things worse than it currently is) to filter the duplicate paths from module_list output, but some callers should change their behaviour when the merge in the superproject still has conflicts. Notice the higher-stage entries, and emit only one record from module_list, but while doing so, mark the entry with "U" (not [0-3]) in the $stage field and null out the SHA-1 part, as the object name for the lowest stage does not give any useful information to the caller, and this way any caller that uses the object name would hopefully barf. Then update the codepaths for each subcommands this way: - "update" should not touch the submodule repository, because we do not know what commit should be checked out yet. - "status" reports the conflicting submodules as 'U000...000' and does not recurse into them (we might later want to make it recurse). - The command called by "foreach" may want to do whatever it wants to do by noticing the merged status in the superproject itself, so feed the path to it from module_list as before, but only once per submodule. - "init" and "sync" are unlikely things to do while the superproject is still not merged, but as long as a submodule is there in $path, there is no point skipping it. It might however want to take the merged status of .gitmodules into account, but that is outside of the scope of this topic. Acked-by: Jens Lehmann <Jens.Lehmann@web.de> Thanks-to: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com> Signed-off-by: Nicolas Morey-Chaisemartin <nicolas@morey-chaisemartin.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2011-03-30 05:20:02 +00:00
initialized, `+` if the currently checked out submodule commit
does not match the SHA-1 found in the index of the containing
submodule: process conflicting submodules only once During a merge module_list returns conflicting submodules several times (stage 1,2,3) which caused the submodules to be used multiple times in git submodule init, sync, update and status command. There are 5 callers of module_list; they all read (mode, sha1, stage, path) tuple, and most of them care only about path. As a first level approximation, it should be Ok (in the sense that it does not make things worse than it currently is) to filter the duplicate paths from module_list output, but some callers should change their behaviour when the merge in the superproject still has conflicts. Notice the higher-stage entries, and emit only one record from module_list, but while doing so, mark the entry with "U" (not [0-3]) in the $stage field and null out the SHA-1 part, as the object name for the lowest stage does not give any useful information to the caller, and this way any caller that uses the object name would hopefully barf. Then update the codepaths for each subcommands this way: - "update" should not touch the submodule repository, because we do not know what commit should be checked out yet. - "status" reports the conflicting submodules as 'U000...000' and does not recurse into them (we might later want to make it recurse). - The command called by "foreach" may want to do whatever it wants to do by noticing the merged status in the superproject itself, so feed the path to it from module_list as before, but only once per submodule. - "init" and "sync" are unlikely things to do while the superproject is still not merged, but as long as a submodule is there in $path, there is no point skipping it. It might however want to take the merged status of .gitmodules into account, but that is outside of the scope of this topic. Acked-by: Jens Lehmann <Jens.Lehmann@web.de> Thanks-to: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com> Signed-off-by: Nicolas Morey-Chaisemartin <nicolas@morey-chaisemartin.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2011-03-30 05:20:02 +00:00
repository and `U` if the submodule has merge conflicts.
+
If `--recursive` is specified, this command will recurse into nested
submodules, and show their status as well.
+
If you are only interested in changes of the currently initialized
submodules with respect to the commit recorded in the index or the HEAD,
linkgit:git-status[1] and linkgit:git-diff[1] will provide that information
too (and can also report changes to a submodule's work tree).
init::
Initialize the submodules recorded in the index (which were
added and committed elsewhere) by copying submodule
names and urls from .gitmodules to .git/config.
Optional <path> arguments limit which submodules will be initialized.
It will also copy the value of `submodule.$name.update` into
.git/config.
The key used in .git/config is `submodule.$name.url`.
This command does not alter existing information in .git/config.
You can then customize the submodule clone URLs in .git/config
for your local setup and proceed to `git submodule update`;
you can also just use `git submodule update --init` without
the explicit 'init' step if you do not intend to customize
any submodule locations.
deinit::
Unregister the given submodules, i.e. remove the whole
`submodule.$name` section from .git/config together with their work
tree. Further calls to `git submodule update`, `git submodule foreach`
and `git submodule sync` will skip any unregistered submodules until
they are initialized again, so use this command if you don't want to
have a local checkout of the submodule in your working tree anymore. If
you really want to remove a submodule from the repository and commit
that use linkgit:git-rm[1] instead.
+
When the command is run without pathspec, it errors out,
instead of deinit-ing everything, to prevent mistakes.
+
If `--force` is specified, the submodule's working tree will
be removed even if it contains local modifications.
update::
+
--
Update the registered submodules to match what the superproject
expects by cloning missing submodules and updating the working tree of
the submodules. The "updating" can be done in several ways depending
on command line options and the value of `submodule.<name>.update`
configuration variable. Supported update procedures are:
checkout;; the commit recorded in the superproject will be
checked out in the submodule on a detached HEAD. This is
done when `--checkout` option is given, or no option is
given, and `submodule.<name>.update` is unset, or if it is
set to 'checkout'.
+
If `--force` is specified, the submodule will be checked out (using
`git checkout --force` if appropriate), even if the commit specified
in the index of the containing repository already matches the commit
checked out in the submodule.
rebase;; the current branch of the submodule will be rebased
onto the commit recorded in the superproject. This is done
when `--rebase` option is given, or no option is given, and
`submodule.<name>.update` is set to 'rebase'.
merge;; the commit recorded in the superproject will be merged
into the current branch in the submodule. This is done
when `--merge` option is given, or no option is given, and
`submodule.<name>.update` is set to 'merge'.
custom command;; arbitrary shell command that takes a single
argument (the sha1 of the commit recorded in the
superproject) is executed. This is done when no option is
given, and `submodule.<name>.update` has the form of
'!command'.
When no option is given and `submodule.<name>.update` is set to 'none',
the submodule is not updated.
If the submodule is not yet initialized, and you just want to use the
setting as stored in .gitmodules, you can automatically initialize the
submodule with the `--init` option.
If `--recursive` is specified, this command will recurse into the
registered submodules, and update any nested submodules within.
--
summary::
Show commit summary between the given commit (defaults to HEAD) and
working tree/index. For a submodule in question, a series of commits
in the submodule between the given super project commit and the
index or working tree (switched by `--cached`) are shown. If the option
`--files` is given, show the series of commits in the submodule between
the index of the super project and the working tree of the submodule
(this option doesn't allow to use the `--cached` option or to provide an
explicit commit).
+
Using the `--submodule=log` option with linkgit:git-diff[1] will provide that
information too.
foreach::
Evaluates an arbitrary shell command in each checked out submodule.
git-submodule foreach: Add $toplevel variable Add a $toplevel variable accessible to `git submodule foreach`, it contains the absolute path of the top level directory (where .gitmodules is). This makes it possible to e.g. read data in .gitmodules from within foreach commands. I'm using this to configure the branch names I want to track for each submodule: git submodule foreach 'git checkout $(git config --file $toplevel/.gitmodules submodule.$name.branch) && git pull' For a little history: This patch is borne out of my continuing fight of trying to have Git track the branches of submodules, not just their commits. Obviously that's not how they work (they only track commits), but I'm just interested in being able to do: git submodule foreach 'git pull' Of course that won't work because the submodule is in a disconnected head, so I first have to connect it, but connect it *to what*. For a while I was happy with this because as fate had it, it just so happened to do what I meant: git submodule foreach 'git checkout $(git describe --all --always) && git pull' But then that broke down, if there's a tag and a branch the tag will win out, and I can't git pull a branch: $ git branch -a * master remotes/origin/HEAD -> origin/master remotes/origin/master $ git tag -l release-0.0.6 $ git describe --always --all release-0.0.6 So I figured that I might as well start tracking the branches I want in .gitmodules itself: [submodule "yaml-mode"] path = yaml-mode url = git://github.com/yoshiki/yaml-mode.git branch = master So now I can just do (as stated above): git submodule foreach 'git checkout $(git config --file $toplevel/.gitmodules submodule.$name.branch) && git pull' Maybe there's a less painful way to do *that* (I'd love to hear about it). But regardless of that I think it's a good idea to be able to know what the top-level is from git submodule foreach. Signed-off-by: Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason <avarab@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2010-05-21 16:10:10 +00:00
The command has access to the variables $name, $path, $sha1 and
$toplevel:
$name is the name of the relevant submodule section in .gitmodules,
$path is the name of the submodule directory relative to the
git-submodule foreach: Add $toplevel variable Add a $toplevel variable accessible to `git submodule foreach`, it contains the absolute path of the top level directory (where .gitmodules is). This makes it possible to e.g. read data in .gitmodules from within foreach commands. I'm using this to configure the branch names I want to track for each submodule: git submodule foreach 'git checkout $(git config --file $toplevel/.gitmodules submodule.$name.branch) && git pull' For a little history: This patch is borne out of my continuing fight of trying to have Git track the branches of submodules, not just their commits. Obviously that's not how they work (they only track commits), but I'm just interested in being able to do: git submodule foreach 'git pull' Of course that won't work because the submodule is in a disconnected head, so I first have to connect it, but connect it *to what*. For a while I was happy with this because as fate had it, it just so happened to do what I meant: git submodule foreach 'git checkout $(git describe --all --always) && git pull' But then that broke down, if there's a tag and a branch the tag will win out, and I can't git pull a branch: $ git branch -a * master remotes/origin/HEAD -> origin/master remotes/origin/master $ git tag -l release-0.0.6 $ git describe --always --all release-0.0.6 So I figured that I might as well start tracking the branches I want in .gitmodules itself: [submodule "yaml-mode"] path = yaml-mode url = git://github.com/yoshiki/yaml-mode.git branch = master So now I can just do (as stated above): git submodule foreach 'git checkout $(git config --file $toplevel/.gitmodules submodule.$name.branch) && git pull' Maybe there's a less painful way to do *that* (I'd love to hear about it). But regardless of that I think it's a good idea to be able to know what the top-level is from git submodule foreach. Signed-off-by: Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason <avarab@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2010-05-21 16:10:10 +00:00
superproject, $sha1 is the commit as recorded in the superproject,
and $toplevel is the absolute path to the top-level of the superproject.
Any submodules defined in the superproject but not checked out are
ignored by this command. Unless given `--quiet`, foreach prints the name
of each submodule before evaluating the command.
If `--recursive` is given, submodules are traversed recursively (i.e.
the given shell command is evaluated in nested submodules as well).
A non-zero return from the command in any submodule causes
the processing to terminate. This can be overridden by adding '|| :'
to the end of the command.
+
As an example, +git submodule foreach \'echo $path {backtick}git
rev-parse HEAD{backtick}'+ will show the path and currently checked out
commit for each submodule.
sync::
Synchronizes submodules' remote URL configuration setting
to the value specified in .gitmodules. It will only affect those
submodules which already have a URL entry in .git/config (that is the
case when they are initialized or freshly added). This is useful when
submodule URLs change upstream and you need to update your local
repositories accordingly.
+
"git submodule sync" synchronizes all submodules while
Documentation: quote double-dash for AsciiDoc AsciiDoc versions since 5.0.6 treat a double-dash surrounded by spaces (outside of verbatim environments) as a request to insert an em dash. Such versions also treat the three-character sequence "\--", when not followed by another dash, as a request to insert two literal minus signs. Thus from time to time there have been patches to add backslashes to AsciiDoc markup to escape double-dashes that are meant to be represent '--' characters used literally on the command line; see v1.4.0-rc1~174, Fix up docs where "--" isn't displayed correctly, 2006-05-05, for example. AsciiDoc 6.0.3 (2005-04-20) made life harder by also treating double-dashes without surrounding whitespace as markup for an em dash, though only when formatting for backends other than the manpages (e.g., HTML). Many pages needed to be changed to use a backslash before the "--" in names of command-line flags like "--add" (see v0.99.6~37, Update tutorial, 2005-08-30). AsciiDoc 8.3.0 (2008-11-29) refined the em-dash rule to avoid that requirement. Double-dashes without surrounding spaces are not rendered as em dashes any more unless bordered on both sides by alphanumeric characters. The unescaped markup for option names (e.g., "--add") works fine, and many instances of this style have leaked into Documentation/; git's HTML documentation contains many spurious em dashes when formatted by an older toolchain. (This patch will not change that.) The upshot: "--" as an isolated word and in phrases like "git web--browse" must be escaped if it is not to be rendered as an em dash by current asciidoc. Use "\--" to avoid such misformatting in sentences in which "--" represents a literal double-minus command line argument that separates options and revs from pathspecs, and use "{litdd}" in cases where the double-dash is embedded in the command name. The latter is just for consistency with v1.7.3-rc0~13^2 (Work around em-dash handling in newer AsciiDoc, 2010-08-23). List of lines to fix found by grepping manpages for "(em". Signed-off-by: Jonathan Nieder <jrnieder@gmail.com> Improved-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com> Improved-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2011-06-29 05:35:10 +00:00
"git submodule sync \-- A" synchronizes submodule "A" only.
+
If `--recursive` is specified, this command will recurse into the
registered submodules, and sync any nested submodules within.
OPTIONS
-------
-q::
--quiet::
Only print error messages.
--all::
This option is only valid for the deinit command. Unregister all
submodules in the working tree.
-b::
--branch::
Branch of repository to add as submodule.
The name of the branch is recorded as `submodule.<name>.branch` in
`.gitmodules` for `update --remote`.
-f::
--force::
This option is only valid for add, deinit and update commands.
When running add, allow adding an otherwise ignored submodule path.
When running deinit the submodule working trees will be removed even
if they contain local changes.
When running update (only effective with the checkout procedure),
throw away local changes in submodules when switching to a
different commit; and always run a checkout operation in the
submodule, even if the commit listed in the index of the
containing repository matches the commit checked out in the
submodule.
--cached::
This option is only valid for status and summary commands. These
commands typically use the commit found in the submodule HEAD, but
with this option, the commit stored in the index is used instead.
--files::
This option is only valid for the summary command. This command
compares the commit in the index with that in the submodule HEAD
when this option is used.
-n::
--summary-limit::
This option is only valid for the summary command.
Limit the summary size (number of commits shown in total).
Giving 0 will disable the summary; a negative number means unlimited
(the default). This limit only applies to modified submodules. The
size is always limited to 1 for added/deleted/typechanged submodules.
submodule update: add --remote for submodule's upstream changes The current `update` command incorporates the superproject's gitlinked SHA-1 ($sha1) into the submodule HEAD ($subsha1). Depending on the options you use, it may checkout $sha1, rebase the $subsha1 onto $sha1, or merge $sha1 into $subsha1. This helps you keep up with changes in the upstream superproject. However, it's also useful to stay up to date with changes in the upstream subproject. Previous workflows for incorporating such changes include the ungainly: $ git submodule foreach 'git checkout $(git config --file $toplevel/.gitmodules submodule.$name.branch) && git pull' With this patch, all of the useful functionality for incorporating superproject changes can be reused to incorporate upstream subproject updates. When you specify --remote, the target $sha1 is replaced with a $sha1 of the submodule's origin/master tracking branch. If you want to merge a different tracking branch, you can configure the `submodule.<name>.branch` option in `.gitmodules`. You can override the `.gitmodules` configuration setting for a particular superproject by configuring the option in that superproject's default configuration (using the usual configuration hierarchy, e.g. `.git/config`, `~/.gitconfig`, etc.). Previous use of submodule.<name>.branch ======================================= Because we're adding a new configuration option, it's a good idea to check if anyone else is already using the option. The foreach-pull example above was described by Ævar in commit f030c96d8643fa0a1a9b2bd9c2f36a77721fb61f Author: Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason <avarab@gmail.com> Date: Fri May 21 16:10:10 2010 +0000 git-submodule foreach: Add $toplevel variable Gerrit uses the same interpretation for the setting, but because Gerrit has direct access to the subproject repositories, it updates the superproject repositories automatically when a subproject changes. Gerrit also accepts the special value '.', which it expands into the superproject's branch name. Although the --remote functionality is using `submodule.<name>.branch` slightly differently, the effect is the same. The foreach-pull example uses the option to record the name of the local branch to checkout before pulls. The tracking branch to be pulled is recorded in `.git/modules/<name>/config`, which was initialized by the module clone during `submodule add` or `submodule init`. Because the branch name stored in `submodule.<name>.branch` was likely the same as the branch name used during the initial `submodule add`, the same branch will be pulled in each workflow. Implementation details ====================== In order to ensure a current tracking branch state, `update --remote` fetches the submodule's remote repository before calculating the SHA-1. However, I didn't change the logic guarding the existing fetch: if test -z "$nofetch" then # Run fetch only if $sha1 isn't present or it # is not reachable from a ref. (clear_local_git_env; cd "$path" && ( (rev=$(git rev-list -n 1 $sha1 --not --all 2>/dev/null) && test -z "$rev") || git-fetch)) || die "$(eval_gettext "Unable to fetch in submodule path '\$path'")" fi There will not be a double-fetch, because the new $sha1 determined after the `--remote` triggered fetch should always exist in the repository. If it doesn't, it's because some racy process removed it from the submodule's repository and we *should* be re-fetching. Signed-off-by: W. Trevor King <wking@tremily.us> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2012-12-19 16:03:32 +00:00
--remote::
This option is only valid for the update command. Instead of using
the superproject's recorded SHA-1 to update the submodule, use the
status of the submodule's remote-tracking branch. The remote used
submodule update: add --remote for submodule's upstream changes The current `update` command incorporates the superproject's gitlinked SHA-1 ($sha1) into the submodule HEAD ($subsha1). Depending on the options you use, it may checkout $sha1, rebase the $subsha1 onto $sha1, or merge $sha1 into $subsha1. This helps you keep up with changes in the upstream superproject. However, it's also useful to stay up to date with changes in the upstream subproject. Previous workflows for incorporating such changes include the ungainly: $ git submodule foreach 'git checkout $(git config --file $toplevel/.gitmodules submodule.$name.branch) && git pull' With this patch, all of the useful functionality for incorporating superproject changes can be reused to incorporate upstream subproject updates. When you specify --remote, the target $sha1 is replaced with a $sha1 of the submodule's origin/master tracking branch. If you want to merge a different tracking branch, you can configure the `submodule.<name>.branch` option in `.gitmodules`. You can override the `.gitmodules` configuration setting for a particular superproject by configuring the option in that superproject's default configuration (using the usual configuration hierarchy, e.g. `.git/config`, `~/.gitconfig`, etc.). Previous use of submodule.<name>.branch ======================================= Because we're adding a new configuration option, it's a good idea to check if anyone else is already using the option. The foreach-pull example above was described by Ævar in commit f030c96d8643fa0a1a9b2bd9c2f36a77721fb61f Author: Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason <avarab@gmail.com> Date: Fri May 21 16:10:10 2010 +0000 git-submodule foreach: Add $toplevel variable Gerrit uses the same interpretation for the setting, but because Gerrit has direct access to the subproject repositories, it updates the superproject repositories automatically when a subproject changes. Gerrit also accepts the special value '.', which it expands into the superproject's branch name. Although the --remote functionality is using `submodule.<name>.branch` slightly differently, the effect is the same. The foreach-pull example uses the option to record the name of the local branch to checkout before pulls. The tracking branch to be pulled is recorded in `.git/modules/<name>/config`, which was initialized by the module clone during `submodule add` or `submodule init`. Because the branch name stored in `submodule.<name>.branch` was likely the same as the branch name used during the initial `submodule add`, the same branch will be pulled in each workflow. Implementation details ====================== In order to ensure a current tracking branch state, `update --remote` fetches the submodule's remote repository before calculating the SHA-1. However, I didn't change the logic guarding the existing fetch: if test -z "$nofetch" then # Run fetch only if $sha1 isn't present or it # is not reachable from a ref. (clear_local_git_env; cd "$path" && ( (rev=$(git rev-list -n 1 $sha1 --not --all 2>/dev/null) && test -z "$rev") || git-fetch)) || die "$(eval_gettext "Unable to fetch in submodule path '\$path'")" fi There will not be a double-fetch, because the new $sha1 determined after the `--remote` triggered fetch should always exist in the repository. If it doesn't, it's because some racy process removed it from the submodule's repository and we *should* be re-fetching. Signed-off-by: W. Trevor King <wking@tremily.us> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2012-12-19 16:03:32 +00:00
is branch's remote (`branch.<name>.remote`), defaulting to `origin`.
The remote branch used defaults to `master`, but the branch name may
be overridden by setting the `submodule.<name>.branch` option in
either `.gitmodules` or `.git/config` (with `.git/config` taking
precedence).
+
This works for any of the supported update procedures (`--checkout`,
`--rebase`, etc.). The only change is the source of the target SHA-1.
For example, `submodule update --remote --merge` will merge upstream
submodule changes into the submodules, while `submodule update
--merge` will merge superproject gitlink changes into the submodules.
+
In order to ensure a current tracking branch state, `update --remote`
fetches the submodule's remote repository before calculating the
SHA-1. If you don't want to fetch, you should use `submodule update
--remote --no-fetch`.
+
Use this option to integrate changes from the upstream subproject with
your submodule's current HEAD. Alternatively, you can run `git pull`
from the submodule, which is equivalent except for the remote branch
name: `update --remote` uses the default upstream repository and
`submodule.<name>.branch`, while `git pull` uses the submodule's
`branch.<name>.merge`. Prefer `submodule.<name>.branch` if you want
to distribute the default upstream branch with the superproject and
`branch.<name>.merge` if you want a more native feel while working in
the submodule itself.
submodule update: add --remote for submodule's upstream changes The current `update` command incorporates the superproject's gitlinked SHA-1 ($sha1) into the submodule HEAD ($subsha1). Depending on the options you use, it may checkout $sha1, rebase the $subsha1 onto $sha1, or merge $sha1 into $subsha1. This helps you keep up with changes in the upstream superproject. However, it's also useful to stay up to date with changes in the upstream subproject. Previous workflows for incorporating such changes include the ungainly: $ git submodule foreach 'git checkout $(git config --file $toplevel/.gitmodules submodule.$name.branch) && git pull' With this patch, all of the useful functionality for incorporating superproject changes can be reused to incorporate upstream subproject updates. When you specify --remote, the target $sha1 is replaced with a $sha1 of the submodule's origin/master tracking branch. If you want to merge a different tracking branch, you can configure the `submodule.<name>.branch` option in `.gitmodules`. You can override the `.gitmodules` configuration setting for a particular superproject by configuring the option in that superproject's default configuration (using the usual configuration hierarchy, e.g. `.git/config`, `~/.gitconfig`, etc.). Previous use of submodule.<name>.branch ======================================= Because we're adding a new configuration option, it's a good idea to check if anyone else is already using the option. The foreach-pull example above was described by Ævar in commit f030c96d8643fa0a1a9b2bd9c2f36a77721fb61f Author: Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason <avarab@gmail.com> Date: Fri May 21 16:10:10 2010 +0000 git-submodule foreach: Add $toplevel variable Gerrit uses the same interpretation for the setting, but because Gerrit has direct access to the subproject repositories, it updates the superproject repositories automatically when a subproject changes. Gerrit also accepts the special value '.', which it expands into the superproject's branch name. Although the --remote functionality is using `submodule.<name>.branch` slightly differently, the effect is the same. The foreach-pull example uses the option to record the name of the local branch to checkout before pulls. The tracking branch to be pulled is recorded in `.git/modules/<name>/config`, which was initialized by the module clone during `submodule add` or `submodule init`. Because the branch name stored in `submodule.<name>.branch` was likely the same as the branch name used during the initial `submodule add`, the same branch will be pulled in each workflow. Implementation details ====================== In order to ensure a current tracking branch state, `update --remote` fetches the submodule's remote repository before calculating the SHA-1. However, I didn't change the logic guarding the existing fetch: if test -z "$nofetch" then # Run fetch only if $sha1 isn't present or it # is not reachable from a ref. (clear_local_git_env; cd "$path" && ( (rev=$(git rev-list -n 1 $sha1 --not --all 2>/dev/null) && test -z "$rev") || git-fetch)) || die "$(eval_gettext "Unable to fetch in submodule path '\$path'")" fi There will not be a double-fetch, because the new $sha1 determined after the `--remote` triggered fetch should always exist in the repository. If it doesn't, it's because some racy process removed it from the submodule's repository and we *should* be re-fetching. Signed-off-by: W. Trevor King <wking@tremily.us> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2012-12-19 16:03:32 +00:00
-N::
--no-fetch::
This option is only valid for the update command.
Don't fetch new objects from the remote site.
--checkout::
This option is only valid for the update command.
Checkout the commit recorded in the superproject on a detached HEAD
in the submodule. This is the default behavior, the main use of
this option is to override `submodule.$name.update` when set to
a value other than `checkout`.
If the key `submodule.$name.update` is either not explicitly set or
set to `checkout`, this option is implicit.
--merge::
This option is only valid for the update command.
Merge the commit recorded in the superproject into the current branch
of the submodule. If this option is given, the submodule's HEAD will
not be detached. If a merge failure prevents this process, you will
have to resolve the resulting conflicts within the submodule with the
usual conflict resolution tools.
If the key `submodule.$name.update` is set to `merge`, this option is
implicit.
--rebase::
This option is only valid for the update command.
Rebase the current branch onto the commit recorded in the
superproject. If this option is given, the submodule's HEAD will not
be detached. If a merge failure prevents this process, you will have
to resolve these failures with linkgit:git-rebase[1].
If the key `submodule.$name.update` is set to `rebase`, this option is
implicit.
--init::
This option is only valid for the update command.
Initialize all submodules for which "git submodule init" has not been
called so far before updating.
--name::
This option is only valid for the add command. It sets the submodule's
name to the given string instead of defaulting to its path. The name
must be valid as a directory name and may not end with a '/'.
--reference <repository>::
This option is only valid for add and update commands. These
commands sometimes need to clone a remote repository. In this case,
this option will be passed to the linkgit:git-clone[1] command.
+
*NOTE*: Do *not* use this option unless you have read the note
for linkgit:git-clone[1]'s `--reference` and `--shared` options carefully.
--recursive::
This option is only valid for foreach, update, status and sync commands.
Traverse submodules recursively. The operation is performed not
only in the submodules of the current repo, but also
in any nested submodules inside those submodules (and so on).
--depth::
This option is valid for add and update commands. Create a 'shallow'
clone with a history truncated to the specified number of revisions.
See linkgit:git-clone[1]
--[no-]recommend-shallow::
This option is only valid for the update command.
The initial clone of a submodule will use the recommended
`submodule.<name>.shallow` as provided by the .gitmodules file
by default. To ignore the suggestions use `--no-recommend-shallow`.
-j <n>::
--jobs <n>::
This option is only valid for the update command.
Clone new submodules in parallel with as many jobs.
Defaults to the `submodule.fetchJobs` option.
<path>...::
Paths to submodule(s). When specified this will restrict the command
to only operate on the submodules found at the specified paths.
git-submodule - make "submodule add" more strict, and document it This change makes "submodule add" much more strict in the arguments it takes, and is intended to address confusion as recently noted on the git-list. With this change, the required syntax is: $ git submodule add URL path Specifically, this eliminates the form $ git submodule add URL which was confused by more than one person as $ git submodule add path With this patch, the URL locating the submodule's origin repository can be either an absolute URL, or (if it begins with ./ or ../) can express the submodule's repository location relative to the superproject's origin. This patch also eliminates a third form of URL, which was relative to the superproject's top-level directory (not its repository). Any URL that was neither absolute nor matched ./*|../* was assumed to point to a subdirectory of the superproject as the location of the submodule's origin repository. This URL form was confusing and does not seem to correspond to an important use-case. Specifically, no-one has identified the need to clone from a repository already in the superproject's tree, but if this is needed it is easily done using an absolute URL: $(pwd)/relative-path. So, no functionality is lost with this patch. (t6008-rev-list-submodule.sh did rely upon this relative URL, fixed by using $(pwd).) Following this change, there are exactly four variants of submodule-add, as both arguments have two flavors: URL can be absolute, or can begin with ./|../ and thus names the submodule's origin relative to the superproject's origin. Note: With this patch, "submodule add" discerns an absolute URL as matching /*|*:*: e.g., URL begins with /, or it contains a :. This works for all valid URLs, an absolute path in POSIX, as well as an absolute path on Windows). path can either already exist as a valid git repo, or will be cloned from the given URL. The first form here eases creation of a new submodule in an existing superproject as the submodule can be added and tested in-tree before pushing to the public repository. However, the more usual form is the second, where the repo is cloned from the given URL. This specifically addresses the issue of $ git submodule add a/b/c attempting to clone from a repository at "a/b/c" to create a new module in "c". This also simplifies description of "relative URL" as there is now exactly *one* form: a URL relative to the parent's origin repo. Signed-off-by: Mark Levedahl <mlevedahl@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2008-07-10 01:05:40 +00:00
(This argument is required with add).
FILES
-----
When initializing submodules, a .gitmodules file in the top-level directory
of the containing repository is used to find the url of each submodule.
This file should be formatted in the same way as `$GIT_DIR/config`. The key
to each submodule url is "submodule.$name.url". See linkgit:gitmodules[5]
for details.
GIT
---
Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite