diff --git a/packages/flutter/lib/src/material/dialog.dart b/packages/flutter/lib/src/material/dialog.dart
index 8c9599bd364..9ef31d26d69 100644
--- a/packages/flutter/lib/src/material/dialog.dart
+++ b/packages/flutter/lib/src/material/dialog.dart
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 // @dart = 2.8
 
 import 'dart:async';
+import 'dart:ui';
 
 import 'package:flutter/foundation.dart';
 import 'package:flutter/widgets.dart';
@@ -310,7 +311,10 @@ class AlertDialog extends StatelessWidget {
   /// The (optional) set of actions that are displayed at the bottom of the
   /// dialog.
   ///
-  /// Typically this is a list of [FlatButton] widgets.
+  /// Typically this is a list of [FlatButton] widgets. It is recommended to
+  /// set the [textAlign] to [TextAlign.end] for the [Text] within the
+  /// [FlatButton], so that buttons whose labels wrap to an extra line align
+  /// with the overall [ButtonBar]'s alignment within the dialog.
   ///
   /// These widgets will be wrapped in a [ButtonBar], which introduces 8 pixels
   /// of padding on each side.
@@ -466,12 +470,24 @@ class AlertDialog extends StatelessWidget {
       }
     }
 
+    // The paddingScaleFactor is used to adjust the padding of Dialog's
+    // children.
+    final double paddingScaleFactor = _paddingScaleFactor(MediaQuery.of(context).textScaleFactor);
+    final TextDirection textDirection = Directionality.of(context);
+
     Widget titleWidget;
     Widget contentWidget;
     Widget actionsWidget;
-    if (title != null)
-     titleWidget = Padding(
-        padding: titlePadding ?? EdgeInsets.fromLTRB(24.0, 24.0, 24.0, content == null ? 20.0 : 0.0),
+    if (title != null) {
+      final EdgeInsets defaultTitlePadding = EdgeInsets.fromLTRB(24.0, 24.0, 24.0, content == null ? 20.0 : 0.0);
+      final EdgeInsets effectiveTitlePadding = titlePadding?.resolve(textDirection) ?? defaultTitlePadding;
+      titleWidget = Padding(
+        padding: EdgeInsets.only(
+          left: effectiveTitlePadding.left * paddingScaleFactor,
+          right: effectiveTitlePadding.right * paddingScaleFactor,
+          top: effectiveTitlePadding.top * paddingScaleFactor,
+          bottom: effectiveTitlePadding.bottom,
+        ),
         child: DefaultTextStyle(
           style: titleTextStyle ?? dialogTheme.titleTextStyle ?? theme.textTheme.headline6,
           child: Semantics(
@@ -481,17 +497,26 @@ class AlertDialog extends StatelessWidget {
           ),
         ),
       );
+    }
 
-    if (content != null)
+    if (content != null) {
+      final EdgeInsets effectiveContentPadding = contentPadding.resolve(textDirection);
       contentWidget = Padding(
-        padding: contentPadding,
+        padding: EdgeInsets.only(
+          left: effectiveContentPadding.left * paddingScaleFactor,
+          right: effectiveContentPadding.right * paddingScaleFactor,
+          top: title == null ? effectiveContentPadding.top * paddingScaleFactor : effectiveContentPadding.top,
+          bottom: effectiveContentPadding.bottom,
+        ),
         child: DefaultTextStyle(
           style: contentTextStyle ?? dialogTheme.contentTextStyle ?? theme.textTheme.subtitle1,
           child: content,
         ),
       );
+    }
 
-    if (actions != null)
+
+    if (actions != null) {
       actionsWidget = Padding(
         padding: actionsPadding,
         child: ButtonBar(
@@ -501,6 +526,7 @@ class AlertDialog extends StatelessWidget {
           children: actions,
         ),
       );
+    }
 
     List<Widget> columnChildren;
     if (scrollable) {
@@ -805,6 +831,44 @@ class SimpleDialog extends StatelessWidget {
       }
     }
 
+    // The paddingScaleFactor is used to adjust the padding of Dialog
+    // children.
+    final double paddingScaleFactor = _paddingScaleFactor(MediaQuery.of(context).textScaleFactor);
+    final TextDirection textDirection = Directionality.of(context);
+
+    Widget titleWidget;
+    if (title != null) {
+      final EdgeInsets effectiveTitlePadding = titlePadding.resolve(textDirection);
+      titleWidget = Padding(
+        padding: EdgeInsets.only(
+          left: effectiveTitlePadding.left * paddingScaleFactor,
+          right: effectiveTitlePadding.right * paddingScaleFactor,
+          top: effectiveTitlePadding.top * paddingScaleFactor,
+          bottom: children == null ? effectiveTitlePadding.bottom * paddingScaleFactor : effectiveTitlePadding.bottom,
+        ),
+        child: DefaultTextStyle(
+          style: titleTextStyle ?? DialogTheme.of(context).titleTextStyle ?? theme.textTheme.headline6,
+          child: Semantics(namesRoute: true, child: title),
+        ),
+      );
+    }
+
+    Widget contentWidget;
+    if (children != null) {
+      final EdgeInsets effectiveContentPadding = contentPadding.resolve(textDirection);
+      contentWidget = Flexible(
+        child: SingleChildScrollView(
+          padding: EdgeInsets.only(
+            left: effectiveContentPadding.left * paddingScaleFactor,
+            right: effectiveContentPadding.right * paddingScaleFactor,
+            top: title == null ? effectiveContentPadding.top * paddingScaleFactor : effectiveContentPadding.top,
+            bottom: effectiveContentPadding.bottom * paddingScaleFactor,
+          ),
+          child: ListBody(children: children),
+        ),
+      );
+    }
+
     Widget dialogChild = IntrinsicWidth(
       stepWidth: 56.0,
       child: ConstrainedBox(
@@ -814,20 +878,9 @@ class SimpleDialog extends StatelessWidget {
           crossAxisAlignment: CrossAxisAlignment.stretch,
           children: <Widget>[
             if (title != null)
-              Padding(
-                padding: titlePadding,
-                child: DefaultTextStyle(
-                  style: titleTextStyle ?? DialogTheme.of(context).titleTextStyle ?? theme.textTheme.headline6,
-                  child: Semantics(namesRoute: true, child: title),
-                ),
-              ),
+              titleWidget,
             if (children != null)
-              Flexible(
-                child: SingleChildScrollView(
-                  padding: contentPadding,
-                  child: ListBody(children: children),
-                ),
-              ),
+              contentWidget,
           ],
         ),
       ),
@@ -959,3 +1012,10 @@ Future<T> showDialog<T>({
     routeSettings: routeSettings,
   );
 }
+
+double _paddingScaleFactor(double textScaleFactor) {
+  final double clampedTextScaleFactor = textScaleFactor.clamp(1.0, 2.0).toDouble();
+  // The final padding scale factor is clamped between 1/3 and 1. For example,
+  // a non-scaled padding of 24 will produce a padding between 24 and 8.
+  return lerpDouble(1.0, 1.0 / 3.0, clampedTextScaleFactor - 1.0);
+}
diff --git a/packages/flutter/test/material/dialog_test.dart b/packages/flutter/test/material/dialog_test.dart
index 531a7e0b408..039aae6c4a6 100644
--- a/packages/flutter/test/material/dialog_test.dart
+++ b/packages/flutter/test/material/dialog_test.dart
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ import 'package:matcher/matcher.dart';
 
 import '../widgets/semantics_tester.dart';
 
-MaterialApp _buildAppWithDialog(Widget dialog, { ThemeData theme }) {
+MaterialApp _buildAppWithDialog(Widget dialog, { ThemeData theme, double textScaleFactor = 1.0 }) {
   return MaterialApp(
     theme: theme,
     home: Material(
@@ -26,7 +26,10 @@ MaterialApp _buildAppWithDialog(Widget dialog, { ThemeData theme }) {
                 showDialog<void>(
                   context: context,
                   builder: (BuildContext context) {
-                    return dialog;
+                    return MediaQuery(
+                      data: MediaQuery.of(context).copyWith(textScaleFactor: textScaleFactor),
+                      child: dialog,
+                    );
                   },
                 );
               },
@@ -644,6 +647,400 @@ void main() {
     ); // right
   });
 
+  group('Dialog children padding is correct', () {
+    final List<double> textScaleFactors = <double>[0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 3.0];
+    final Map<double, double> paddingScaleFactors = <double, double>{
+      0.5: 1.0,
+      1.0: 1.0,
+      1.5: 2.0 / 3.0,
+      2.0: 1.0 / 3.0,
+      3.0: 1.0 / 3.0,
+    };
+
+    final GlobalKey titleKey = GlobalKey();
+    final GlobalKey contentKey = GlobalKey();
+    final GlobalKey childrenKey = GlobalKey();
+
+    final Finder dialogFinder = find.descendant(of: find.byType(Dialog), matching: find.byType(Material)).first;
+    final Finder titleFinder = find.byKey(titleKey);
+    final Finder contentFinder = find.byKey(contentKey);
+    final Finder actionsFinder = find.byType(ButtonBar);
+    final Finder childrenFinder = find.byKey(childrenKey);
+
+    Future<void> openDialog(WidgetTester tester, Widget dialog, double textScaleFactor) async {
+      await tester.pumpWidget(
+        _buildAppWithDialog(dialog, textScaleFactor: textScaleFactor),
+      );
+
+      await tester.tap(find.text('X'));
+      await tester.pumpAndSettle();
+    }
+
+    void expectLeftEdgePadding(
+      WidgetTester tester, {
+      Finder finder,
+      double textScaleFactor,
+      double unscaledValue,
+    }) {
+      expect(
+        tester.getTopLeft(dialogFinder).dx,
+        closeTo(tester.getTopLeft(finder).dx - unscaledValue * paddingScaleFactors[textScaleFactor], 1e-6),
+      );
+      expect(
+        tester.getBottomLeft(dialogFinder).dx,
+        closeTo(tester.getBottomLeft(finder).dx - unscaledValue * paddingScaleFactors[textScaleFactor], 1e-6),
+      );
+    }
+
+    void expectRightEdgePadding(
+      WidgetTester tester, {
+      Finder finder,
+      double textScaleFactor,
+      double unscaledValue,
+    }) {
+      expect(
+        tester.getTopRight(dialogFinder).dx,
+        closeTo(tester.getTopRight(finder).dx + unscaledValue * paddingScaleFactors[textScaleFactor], 1e-6),
+      );
+      expect(
+        tester.getBottomRight(dialogFinder).dx,
+        closeTo(tester.getBottomRight(finder).dx + unscaledValue * paddingScaleFactors[textScaleFactor], 1e-6),
+      );
+    }
+
+    void expectTopEdgePadding(
+      WidgetTester tester, {
+      Finder finder,
+      double textScaleFactor,
+      double unscaledValue,
+    }) {
+      expect(
+        tester.getTopLeft(dialogFinder).dy,
+        closeTo(tester.getTopLeft(finder).dy - unscaledValue * paddingScaleFactors[textScaleFactor], 1e-6),
+      );
+      expect(
+        tester.getTopRight(dialogFinder).dy,
+        closeTo(tester.getTopRight(finder).dy - unscaledValue * paddingScaleFactors[textScaleFactor], 1e-6),
+      );
+    }
+
+    void expectBottomEdgePadding(
+      WidgetTester tester, {
+      Finder finder,
+      double textScaleFactor,
+      double unscaledValue,
+    }) {
+      expect(
+        tester.getBottomLeft(dialogFinder).dy,
+        closeTo(tester.getBottomRight(finder).dy + unscaledValue * paddingScaleFactors[textScaleFactor], 1e-6),
+      );
+      expect(
+        tester.getBottomRight(dialogFinder).dy,
+        closeTo(tester.getBottomRight(finder).dy + unscaledValue * paddingScaleFactors[textScaleFactor], 1e-6),
+      );
+    }
+
+    void expectVerticalInnerPadding(
+    WidgetTester tester, {
+      Finder top,
+      Finder bottom,
+      double value,
+    }) {
+      expect(
+        tester.getBottomLeft(top).dy,
+        tester.getTopLeft(bottom).dy - value,
+      );
+      expect(
+        tester.getBottomRight(top).dy,
+        tester.getTopRight(bottom).dy - value,
+      );
+    }
+
+    final Widget title = Text(
+      'title',
+      key: titleKey,
+    );
+    final Widget content = Text(
+      'content',
+      key: contentKey,
+    );
+    final List<Widget> actions = <Widget>[
+      RaisedButton(
+        onPressed: () {},
+        child: const Text('button'),
+      ),
+    ];
+    final List<Widget> children = <Widget>[
+      SimpleDialogOption(
+        key: childrenKey,
+        child: const Text('child'),
+        onPressed: () { },
+      ),
+    ];
+
+    for (final double textScaleFactor in textScaleFactors) {
+      testWidgets('AlertDialog padding is correct when only title and actions are specified [textScaleFactor]=$textScaleFactor}', (WidgetTester tester) async {
+        final AlertDialog dialog = AlertDialog(
+          title: title,
+          actions: actions,
+        );
+
+        await openDialog(tester, dialog, textScaleFactor);
+
+        expectTopEdgePadding(
+          tester,
+          finder: titleFinder,
+          textScaleFactor: textScaleFactor,
+          unscaledValue: 24.0,
+        );
+        expectLeftEdgePadding(
+          tester,
+          finder: titleFinder,
+          textScaleFactor: textScaleFactor,
+          unscaledValue: 24.0,
+        );
+        expectRightEdgePadding(
+          tester,
+          finder: titleFinder,
+          textScaleFactor: textScaleFactor,
+          unscaledValue: 24.0,
+        );
+        expectVerticalInnerPadding(
+          tester,
+          top: titleFinder,
+          bottom: actionsFinder,
+          value: 20.0,
+        );
+        expectLeftEdgePadding(
+          tester,
+          finder: actionsFinder,
+          textScaleFactor: textScaleFactor,
+          unscaledValue: 0.0,
+        );
+        expectRightEdgePadding(
+          tester,
+          finder: actionsFinder,
+          textScaleFactor: textScaleFactor,
+          unscaledValue: 0.0,
+        );
+        expectBottomEdgePadding(
+          tester,
+          finder: actionsFinder,
+          textScaleFactor: textScaleFactor,
+          unscaledValue: 0.0,
+        );
+      });
+
+      testWidgets('AlertDialog padding is correct when only content and actions are specified [textScaleFactor]=$textScaleFactor}', (WidgetTester tester) async {
+        final AlertDialog dialog = AlertDialog(
+          content: content,
+          actions: actions,
+        );
+
+        await openDialog(tester, dialog, textScaleFactor);
+
+        expectTopEdgePadding(
+          tester,
+          finder: contentFinder,
+          textScaleFactor: textScaleFactor,
+          unscaledValue: 20.0,
+        );
+        expectLeftEdgePadding(
+          tester,
+          finder: contentFinder,
+          textScaleFactor: textScaleFactor,
+          unscaledValue: 24.0,
+        );
+        expectRightEdgePadding(
+          tester,
+          finder: contentFinder,
+          textScaleFactor: textScaleFactor,
+          unscaledValue: 24.0,
+        );
+        expectVerticalInnerPadding(
+          tester,
+          top: contentFinder,
+          bottom: actionsFinder,
+          value: 24.0,
+        );
+        expectLeftEdgePadding(
+          tester,
+          finder: actionsFinder,
+          textScaleFactor: textScaleFactor,
+          unscaledValue: 0.0,
+        );
+        expectRightEdgePadding(
+          tester,
+          finder: actionsFinder,
+          textScaleFactor: textScaleFactor,
+          unscaledValue: 0.0,
+        );
+        expectBottomEdgePadding(
+          tester,
+          finder: actionsFinder,
+          textScaleFactor: textScaleFactor,
+          unscaledValue: 0.0,
+        );
+      });
+
+      testWidgets('AlertDialog padding is correct when title, content, and actions are specified [textScaleFactor]=$textScaleFactor}', (WidgetTester tester) async {
+        final AlertDialog dialog = AlertDialog(
+          title: title,
+          content: content,
+          actions: actions,
+        );
+
+        await openDialog(tester, dialog, textScaleFactor);
+
+        expectTopEdgePadding(
+          tester,
+          finder: titleFinder,
+          textScaleFactor: textScaleFactor,
+          unscaledValue: 24.0,
+        );
+        expectLeftEdgePadding(
+          tester,
+          finder: titleFinder,
+          textScaleFactor: textScaleFactor,
+          unscaledValue: 24.0,
+        );
+        expectRightEdgePadding(
+          tester,
+          finder: titleFinder,
+          textScaleFactor: textScaleFactor,
+          unscaledValue: 24.0,
+        );
+        expectVerticalInnerPadding(
+          tester,
+          top: titleFinder,
+          bottom: contentFinder,
+          value: 20.0,
+        );
+        expectLeftEdgePadding(
+          tester,
+          finder: contentFinder,
+          textScaleFactor: textScaleFactor,
+          unscaledValue: 24.0,
+        );
+        expectRightEdgePadding(
+          tester,
+          finder: contentFinder,
+          textScaleFactor: textScaleFactor,
+          unscaledValue: 24.0,
+        );
+        expectVerticalInnerPadding(
+          tester,
+          top: contentFinder,
+          bottom: actionsFinder,
+          value: 24.0,
+        );
+        expectLeftEdgePadding(
+          tester,
+          finder: actionsFinder,
+          textScaleFactor: textScaleFactor,
+          unscaledValue: 0.0,
+        );
+        expectRightEdgePadding(
+          tester,
+          finder: actionsFinder,
+          textScaleFactor: textScaleFactor,
+          unscaledValue: 0.0,
+        );
+        expectBottomEdgePadding(
+          tester,
+          finder: actionsFinder,
+          textScaleFactor: textScaleFactor,
+          unscaledValue: 0.0,
+        );
+      });
+
+      testWidgets('SimpleDialog padding is correct when only children are specified [textScaleFactor]=$textScaleFactor}', (WidgetTester tester) async {
+        final SimpleDialog dialog = SimpleDialog(
+          children: children,
+        );
+
+        await openDialog(tester, dialog, textScaleFactor);
+
+        expectTopEdgePadding(
+          tester,
+          finder: childrenFinder,
+          textScaleFactor: textScaleFactor,
+          unscaledValue: 12.0,
+        );
+        expectLeftEdgePadding(
+          tester,
+          finder: childrenFinder,
+          textScaleFactor: textScaleFactor,
+          unscaledValue: 0.0,
+        );
+        expectRightEdgePadding(
+          tester,
+          finder: childrenFinder,
+          textScaleFactor: textScaleFactor,
+          unscaledValue: 0.0,
+        );
+        expectBottomEdgePadding(
+          tester,
+          finder: childrenFinder,
+          textScaleFactor: textScaleFactor,
+          unscaledValue: 16.0,
+        );
+      });
+
+      testWidgets('SimpleDialog padding is correct when title and children are specified [textScaleFactor]=$textScaleFactor}', (WidgetTester tester) async {
+        final SimpleDialog dialog = SimpleDialog(
+          title: title,
+          children: children,
+        );
+
+        await openDialog(tester, dialog, textScaleFactor);
+
+        expectTopEdgePadding(
+          tester,
+          finder: titleFinder,
+          textScaleFactor: textScaleFactor,
+          unscaledValue: 24.0,
+        );
+        expectLeftEdgePadding(
+          tester,
+          finder: titleFinder,
+          textScaleFactor: textScaleFactor,
+          unscaledValue: 24.0,
+        );
+        expectRightEdgePadding(
+          tester,
+          finder: titleFinder,
+          textScaleFactor: textScaleFactor,
+          unscaledValue: 24.0,
+        );
+        expectVerticalInnerPadding(
+          tester,
+          top: titleFinder,
+          bottom: childrenFinder,
+          value: 12.0,
+        );
+        expectLeftEdgePadding(
+          tester,
+          finder: childrenFinder,
+          textScaleFactor: textScaleFactor,
+          unscaledValue: 0.0,
+        );
+        expectRightEdgePadding(
+          tester,
+          finder: childrenFinder,
+          textScaleFactor: textScaleFactor,
+          unscaledValue: 0.0,
+        );
+        expectBottomEdgePadding(
+          tester,
+          finder: childrenFinder,
+          textScaleFactor: textScaleFactor,
+          unscaledValue: 16.0,
+        );
+      });
+    }
+  });
+
   testWidgets('Dialogs can set the vertical direction of overflowing actions', (WidgetTester tester) async {
     final GlobalKey key1 = GlobalKey();
     final GlobalKey key2 = GlobalKey();