test(publish): check specifiers outside fast check module graph (#23369)

Closes #23023

tests/specs/publish/prefer_fast_check_graph/__test__.jsonc

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+{
+  "args": "publish --dry-run",
+  "output": "main.out",
+  "exitCode": 1
+}

tests/specs/publish/prefer_fast_check_graph/deno.json

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+{
+  "name": "@example/foo",
+  "version": "1.0.0",
+  "exports": "./mod.ts"
+}

tests/specs/publish/prefer_fast_check_graph/deps.ts

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+export * from "https://deno.land/std/assert/assert.ts";

tests/specs/publish/prefer_fast_check_graph/main.out

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+[WILDCARD]
+Check [WILDLINE]/tests/specs/publish/prefer_fast_check_graph/mod.ts
+Checking for slow types in the public API...
+Check [WILDLINE]/tests/specs/publish/prefer_fast_check_graph/mod.ts
+error[invalid-external-import]: invalid import to a non-JSR 'https' specifier
+ --> [WILDLINE]deps.ts:1:15
+  | 
+1 | export * from "https://deno.land/std/assert/assert.ts";
+  |               ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ the specifier
+  = hint: replace this import with one from jsr or npm, or vendor the dependency into your package
+
+  info: the import was resolved to 'https://deno.land/std/assert/assert.ts'
+  info: this specifier is not allowed to be imported on jsr
+  info: jsr only supports importing `jsr:`, `npm:`, and `data:` specifiers
+  docs: https://jsr.io/go/invalid-external-import
+
+error: Found 1 problem

tests/specs/publish/prefer_fast_check_graph/mod.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+export * from "./subtract.ts";
+
+export function add(a: number, b: number): number {
+  return a + b;
+}

tests/specs/publish/prefer_fast_check_graph/subtract.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+import * as blah from "./deps.ts";
+
+export function subtract(a: number, b: number): number {
+  return a - b;
+}